Prophecy Surgical ICU Exam A v3
Questions and Answers
1. Interpret the following acid-base imbalance:
• pH: 7.56
• PaCO2: 24 mm Hg
Answer:
• Respiratory alkalosis
2. Manifestations of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) result from severe dehydration and
acidosis. What is the purpose of Kussmaul respirations?
Answer:
• To increase the rate and depth of breathing with prolonged expiration in order to
reduce carbon dioxide levels and compensate for acidosis.
3. An adult woman is admitted with metabolic acidosis. Which ABG results are most
likely?
Answer:
• pH: 7.30
• PCO2: 36
• HCO3: 18
4. During a patient blood transfusion, what nursing action is most important?
Answer:
• Direct observation and monitoring of vital signs at the start of the transfusion and
at regular intervals throughout.
5. What is the initial IV dose of atropine for a conscious adult experiencing
symptomatic bradycardia?
, Answer:
• 0.5 mg IV push
6. In a patient with pulmonary embolism, what ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan
finding is expected?
Answer:
• Normal ventilation with decreased perfusion
7. What are the components assessed in the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)?
Answer:
• Eye opening
• Verbal response
• Motor response
8. In acute myocardial infarction (AMI), what hemodynamic change is commonly
seen?
Answer:
• Low cardiac output and reduced cardiac index
9. What medication is used as the antidote for heparin?
Answer:
• Protamine sulfate
10. What is the best initial method for verifying proper endotracheal tube placement?
Answer:
• CO2 detector and assessment of breath sounds at three points during
auscultation
11. What is the preferred IV access for administering vasopressors such as
dopamine?
Answer:
• Central line
12. What is the normal range for central venous pressure (CVP)?
Questions and Answers
1. Interpret the following acid-base imbalance:
• pH: 7.56
• PaCO2: 24 mm Hg
Answer:
• Respiratory alkalosis
2. Manifestations of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) result from severe dehydration and
acidosis. What is the purpose of Kussmaul respirations?
Answer:
• To increase the rate and depth of breathing with prolonged expiration in order to
reduce carbon dioxide levels and compensate for acidosis.
3. An adult woman is admitted with metabolic acidosis. Which ABG results are most
likely?
Answer:
• pH: 7.30
• PCO2: 36
• HCO3: 18
4. During a patient blood transfusion, what nursing action is most important?
Answer:
• Direct observation and monitoring of vital signs at the start of the transfusion and
at regular intervals throughout.
5. What is the initial IV dose of atropine for a conscious adult experiencing
symptomatic bradycardia?
, Answer:
• 0.5 mg IV push
6. In a patient with pulmonary embolism, what ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan
finding is expected?
Answer:
• Normal ventilation with decreased perfusion
7. What are the components assessed in the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)?
Answer:
• Eye opening
• Verbal response
• Motor response
8. In acute myocardial infarction (AMI), what hemodynamic change is commonly
seen?
Answer:
• Low cardiac output and reduced cardiac index
9. What medication is used as the antidote for heparin?
Answer:
• Protamine sulfate
10. What is the best initial method for verifying proper endotracheal tube placement?
Answer:
• CO2 detector and assessment of breath sounds at three points during
auscultation
11. What is the preferred IV access for administering vasopressors such as
dopamine?
Answer:
• Central line
12. What is the normal range for central venous pressure (CVP)?
