Pathophysiology Study Guide & Key Concepts
ATP - correct answers -Functions as energy-transferring molecule
Oxidative phosphorylation - correct answers -occurs in mitochondria; mechanism by which energy is
produced from carbs, fats, & proteins
Atrophy - correct answers -decrease in cellular size
Hypertophy - correct answers -increase in cellular size by increased work demand or hormonal situation
Hyperplasia - correct answers -increase cellular number by increased cellular division
Dysplasia - correct answers -abnormal change in size, shape, & organization of mature tissue cells
Metaplasia - correct answers -reversible replacement of one mature cell type by another less mature
cell type
Cell Injury - correct answers -caused by hypoxia
Free Radicals - correct answers -can cause lipid peroxidation or destruction of unsaturated fatty acids,
alterations of proteins, & alterations in DNA
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, Apoptosis - correct answers -cell death from programmed, selective self destruction
Necrosis - correct answers -sum of changes after local cell death & includes inflammation & cell lysis
PTH - correct answers -parathyroid hormone
Buffers - correct answers -substances that can absorb excess acid/base to minimize fluctuations in pH
Somatic Death - correct answers -no respirations, no heart beat
Autophagy - correct answers -degradation process where ell debris encapsulated with in vesicle that
reacts with lysosomes
Cellular Metabolism - correct answers -chemical task of maintaining cellular function
Anabolism - correct answers -energy-using process
Catabolism - correct answers -energy-releasing process
Osmotic Pressure - correct answers -amount of hydrostatic pressure required to oppose osmotic
pressure
Oncotic or Colloid Osmotic Pressure - correct answers -overall effect of colloids (ie. plasma proteins)
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