WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2026 – EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
*CORE DOMAINS*
*• Cellular Biology and Metabolism*
*• Histology and Tissue Organization*
*• Integumentary System*
*• Skeletal and Muscular Systems*
*• Nervous System Physiology*
*• Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems*
*• Digestive and Urinary Systems*
*• Endocrine and Reproductive Systems*
*• Homeostasis and Feedback Mechanisms*
*INTRODUCTION*
*This exam practice guide is designed to evaluate and
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–50
,1. Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells?
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Mitochondria
🔴 Explanation: Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration.
2. Which tissue type covers body surfaces and lines cavities?
A. Connective tissue
B. Muscular tissue
C. Epithelial tissue
D. Nervous tissue
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Epithelial tissue
🔴 Explanation: Epithelial tissue provides protection and lining functions.
3. The primary function of red blood cells is to:
A. Fight infection
B. Transport oxygen
,C. Produce antibodies
D. Clot blood
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Transport oxygen
🔴 Explanation: Hemoglobin in RBCs carries oxygen.
4. Which bone cell breaks down bone matrix?
A. Osteoblast
B. Osteocyte
C. Osteoclast
D. Chondrocyte
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Osteoclast
🔴 Explanation: Osteoclasts resorb bone tissue.
5. The functional unit of the kidney is the:
A. Alveolus
B. Nephron
C. Neuron
D. Sarcomere
, 🟢 Correct Answer: B. Nephron
🔴 Explanation: Nephrons filter blood and form urine.
6. What structure carries impulses away from the neuron cell body?
A. Dendrite
B. Axon
C. Synapse
D. Nucleus
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Axon
🔴 Explanation: Axons transmit electrical signals outward.
7. The pacemaker of the heart is the:
A. AV node
B. SA node
C. Bundle of His
D. Purkinje fibers
🟢 Correct Answer: B. SA node
🔴 Explanation: The SA node initiates heartbeat rhythm.
2026 – EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
*CORE DOMAINS*
*• Cellular Biology and Metabolism*
*• Histology and Tissue Organization*
*• Integumentary System*
*• Skeletal and Muscular Systems*
*• Nervous System Physiology*
*• Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems*
*• Digestive and Urinary Systems*
*• Endocrine and Reproductive Systems*
*• Homeostasis and Feedback Mechanisms*
*INTRODUCTION*
*This exam practice guide is designed to evaluate and
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–50
,1. Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells?
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Mitochondria
🔴 Explanation: Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration.
2. Which tissue type covers body surfaces and lines cavities?
A. Connective tissue
B. Muscular tissue
C. Epithelial tissue
D. Nervous tissue
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Epithelial tissue
🔴 Explanation: Epithelial tissue provides protection and lining functions.
3. The primary function of red blood cells is to:
A. Fight infection
B. Transport oxygen
,C. Produce antibodies
D. Clot blood
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Transport oxygen
🔴 Explanation: Hemoglobin in RBCs carries oxygen.
4. Which bone cell breaks down bone matrix?
A. Osteoblast
B. Osteocyte
C. Osteoclast
D. Chondrocyte
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Osteoclast
🔴 Explanation: Osteoclasts resorb bone tissue.
5. The functional unit of the kidney is the:
A. Alveolus
B. Nephron
C. Neuron
D. Sarcomere
, 🟢 Correct Answer: B. Nephron
🔴 Explanation: Nephrons filter blood and form urine.
6. What structure carries impulses away from the neuron cell body?
A. Dendrite
B. Axon
C. Synapse
D. Nucleus
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Axon
🔴 Explanation: Axons transmit electrical signals outward.
7. The pacemaker of the heart is the:
A. AV node
B. SA node
C. Bundle of His
D. Purkinje fibers
🟢 Correct Answer: B. SA node
🔴 Explanation: The SA node initiates heartbeat rhythm.
