NSG 320 ACTUAL EXAM SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ In respiratory acidosis.
Answer: "When you're on acid, you're relaxing and HYPOventilating"
- pH is low and PaCO2 is high
- Caused by:
* HYPOVENTILATION
* Respiratory failure
* Asthma attacks
* COPD
* Chest injury or trauma
* Pulmonary edema
* Medications
* Obstructive sleep apnea
- Compensation may occur when kidneys conserve HCO3 and secrete H
into urine
⩥ In metabolic alkalosis.
Answer: - pH and HCO3 are high and PaCO2 is high or normal
- Caused by:
,* Vomiting
* Gastric suction
* Extracellular fluid deficit
* Dehydration
* Circulatory shock
* Loop or thiazide diuretic use
* Hypokalemia
* Ingestion of baking soda
- Compensation occurs if CO2 is retained or HCO3 is excreted
⩥ In metabolic acidosis.
Answer: - Kussmaul respirations
- pH and HCO3 are low and the PaCO2 is low or normal
- Caused by:
* Fasting/starving
* Cardiac arrest
* Sepsis
* Trauma
* Seizures
* Renal failure
* Severe diarrhea
- Compensation may occur during exhaling increase CO2
,⩥ Normal values for ABG.
Answer: - pH: 7.35 - 7.45
- PaCO2: 35 - 45 mm Hg
- HCO3 (Bicarbonate): 22 - 26 mEq/:
- PaO2: 80 - 100 mm HG
- SaO2: >95%
- Base excess: +/- 2.0 meQ/L
⩥ Thyroid hormones.
Answer: - TSH: Thyroid stimulating hormone
- T3: Triiodothyronine hormone
- T4: Thyroxine hormone
⩥ Euthyroid.
Answer: - Normal functioning thyroid
⩥ Hypothyroidism.
Answer: - Deficiency of thyroid hormone that causes a general slowing
of the metabolic rate
- Iodine deficiency is most common cause
*Thyroid cannot make T3+T4 WITHOUT iodine*
, ⩥ Primary hypothyroidism.
Answer: - Caused by destruction of thyroid tissue or defective hormone
synthesis
- Most common cause is atrophy to thyroid gland which can be caused
by Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' disease
⩥ Secondary hypothyroidism.
Answer: - Caused by pituitary disease TSH secretion or hypothalamic
dysfunction with decreased-releasing hormone (TRH) secretion
⩥ Clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism.
Answer: - Slow and low
- Decreased body processes
- Decreased cardiac contractility and output
- Increased serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels
- Anemia
⩥ Diagnostic studies consistent with hypothyroidism.
Answer: - TSH higher than 4.5
⩥ Interprofessional mgmt for hypothyroidism.
Answer: - Thyroid replacement
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ In respiratory acidosis.
Answer: "When you're on acid, you're relaxing and HYPOventilating"
- pH is low and PaCO2 is high
- Caused by:
* HYPOVENTILATION
* Respiratory failure
* Asthma attacks
* COPD
* Chest injury or trauma
* Pulmonary edema
* Medications
* Obstructive sleep apnea
- Compensation may occur when kidneys conserve HCO3 and secrete H
into urine
⩥ In metabolic alkalosis.
Answer: - pH and HCO3 are high and PaCO2 is high or normal
- Caused by:
,* Vomiting
* Gastric suction
* Extracellular fluid deficit
* Dehydration
* Circulatory shock
* Loop or thiazide diuretic use
* Hypokalemia
* Ingestion of baking soda
- Compensation occurs if CO2 is retained or HCO3 is excreted
⩥ In metabolic acidosis.
Answer: - Kussmaul respirations
- pH and HCO3 are low and the PaCO2 is low or normal
- Caused by:
* Fasting/starving
* Cardiac arrest
* Sepsis
* Trauma
* Seizures
* Renal failure
* Severe diarrhea
- Compensation may occur during exhaling increase CO2
,⩥ Normal values for ABG.
Answer: - pH: 7.35 - 7.45
- PaCO2: 35 - 45 mm Hg
- HCO3 (Bicarbonate): 22 - 26 mEq/:
- PaO2: 80 - 100 mm HG
- SaO2: >95%
- Base excess: +/- 2.0 meQ/L
⩥ Thyroid hormones.
Answer: - TSH: Thyroid stimulating hormone
- T3: Triiodothyronine hormone
- T4: Thyroxine hormone
⩥ Euthyroid.
Answer: - Normal functioning thyroid
⩥ Hypothyroidism.
Answer: - Deficiency of thyroid hormone that causes a general slowing
of the metabolic rate
- Iodine deficiency is most common cause
*Thyroid cannot make T3+T4 WITHOUT iodine*
, ⩥ Primary hypothyroidism.
Answer: - Caused by destruction of thyroid tissue or defective hormone
synthesis
- Most common cause is atrophy to thyroid gland which can be caused
by Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' disease
⩥ Secondary hypothyroidism.
Answer: - Caused by pituitary disease TSH secretion or hypothalamic
dysfunction with decreased-releasing hormone (TRH) secretion
⩥ Clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism.
Answer: - Slow and low
- Decreased body processes
- Decreased cardiac contractility and output
- Increased serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels
- Anemia
⩥ Diagnostic studies consistent with hypothyroidism.
Answer: - TSH higher than 4.5
⩥ Interprofessional mgmt for hypothyroidism.
Answer: - Thyroid replacement
