UAMS-Microbiology Exam 5 Updated Questions
and Answers (2026) | Latest Practice Review with
Detailed Explanations | Grade A+
• Mycobacteria . Answer: Aerobic, non-spore forming bacilli
Acid-fast
• Ziehl-Neelson staining method/reagents . Answer: -Carbol fuchsin
-Acid Alcohol
-Methylene blue
AFB = Red
• Kinyoun staining method/reagents . Answer: -Carbol fuchsin
-Acid Alcohol
-Methylene blue or brilliant green
AFB = Red
• Auramine-Rhodamine Fluorescent stain . Answer: -Auramine-rhodamine
-Acid alcohol
-Potassium permanganate
AFB = Yellow/orange fluoresce
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Answer: -Tuberculosis
-Spreads via respiratory droplets
-Causes granuloma
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis treatment . Answer: RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid,
pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis AFB stain pattern . Answer: Cording on smear
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture . Answer: -Buff, rough colonies
-Slow grower
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis biochemical test . Answer: Niacin +
Nitrate +
68°C catalate =
• Mycobacterium bovis . Answer: -gastrointestinal tuberculosis
-common in cattle
, • Mycobacterium bovis culture . Answer: No growth on TCH agar
• Mycobacterium bovis biochemical tests . Answer: Niacin =
Nitrate =
• Mycobacterium leprae . Answer: -Leprosy
-Can't grow on artificial media
• Mycobacteria scrofulaceum . Answer: Lymphadenitis
• Mycobacteria marinum . Answer: Swimming pool granuloma
-Grows at 30°C
• Mycobacteria ulcerans . Answer: -Painless ulcers
-Grows at 30°C
• Mycobacteria fortuitum-chelonae . Answer: -Rapid grower
-Wound infections
-Grows at 30°C and 37°C
• Mycobacteria fortuitum-chelonae biochemical tests . Answer: Arylsulfatase +
Growth on special MAC
• Mycobacteria haemophilum . Answer: Skin infections, may disseminate in AIDS
patients
-Grows at 30°C
• Mycobacteria haemophilum growth requirments . Answer: -Requires hemin,
hemoglobin or ferric ammonium citrate to grow
-Will not grow on routine media
• Decontamination reagents . Answer: -N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NALC)- mucolytic agent
-NaOH- decontamination agent
-Phosphate buffer- neutralizing agent
• Conventional culture methods for mycobacteria . Answer: Temperature - 35-37°C
(most mycobacteria prefer this temperature, a few do not)
Atmosphere- 5-10% CO2
Incubate in the dark
Incubate for 8 weeks
• Non-selective egg-based culture media . Answer: -Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ)
-Petragnani
• Selective egg-based media . Answer: -LJ-graft
-Mycobactosel-LJ
and Answers (2026) | Latest Practice Review with
Detailed Explanations | Grade A+
• Mycobacteria . Answer: Aerobic, non-spore forming bacilli
Acid-fast
• Ziehl-Neelson staining method/reagents . Answer: -Carbol fuchsin
-Acid Alcohol
-Methylene blue
AFB = Red
• Kinyoun staining method/reagents . Answer: -Carbol fuchsin
-Acid Alcohol
-Methylene blue or brilliant green
AFB = Red
• Auramine-Rhodamine Fluorescent stain . Answer: -Auramine-rhodamine
-Acid alcohol
-Potassium permanganate
AFB = Yellow/orange fluoresce
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Answer: -Tuberculosis
-Spreads via respiratory droplets
-Causes granuloma
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis treatment . Answer: RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid,
pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis AFB stain pattern . Answer: Cording on smear
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture . Answer: -Buff, rough colonies
-Slow grower
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis biochemical test . Answer: Niacin +
Nitrate +
68°C catalate =
• Mycobacterium bovis . Answer: -gastrointestinal tuberculosis
-common in cattle
, • Mycobacterium bovis culture . Answer: No growth on TCH agar
• Mycobacterium bovis biochemical tests . Answer: Niacin =
Nitrate =
• Mycobacterium leprae . Answer: -Leprosy
-Can't grow on artificial media
• Mycobacteria scrofulaceum . Answer: Lymphadenitis
• Mycobacteria marinum . Answer: Swimming pool granuloma
-Grows at 30°C
• Mycobacteria ulcerans . Answer: -Painless ulcers
-Grows at 30°C
• Mycobacteria fortuitum-chelonae . Answer: -Rapid grower
-Wound infections
-Grows at 30°C and 37°C
• Mycobacteria fortuitum-chelonae biochemical tests . Answer: Arylsulfatase +
Growth on special MAC
• Mycobacteria haemophilum . Answer: Skin infections, may disseminate in AIDS
patients
-Grows at 30°C
• Mycobacteria haemophilum growth requirments . Answer: -Requires hemin,
hemoglobin or ferric ammonium citrate to grow
-Will not grow on routine media
• Decontamination reagents . Answer: -N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NALC)- mucolytic agent
-NaOH- decontamination agent
-Phosphate buffer- neutralizing agent
• Conventional culture methods for mycobacteria . Answer: Temperature - 35-37°C
(most mycobacteria prefer this temperature, a few do not)
Atmosphere- 5-10% CO2
Incubate in the dark
Incubate for 8 weeks
• Non-selective egg-based culture media . Answer: -Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ)
-Petragnani
• Selective egg-based media . Answer: -LJ-graft
-Mycobactosel-LJ
