BIO 1201 EXAM 2 LICATA SCRIPT 2026
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ where are cells in the biological size range?
Answer: about the middle
◉ what is microscopy?
Answer: how you see things
◉ describe scanning electron microscopes
Answer: -focus electrons onto the surface of the specimen,
producing 2-D pictures
-used for smaller than cellular looking
◉ describe transmission electron microscopes
Answer: -focus beam of electrons through a specimen, producing 2-
D pictures
-used for smaller than cellular looking
,◉ what are both TEM and SEM microscopes used for?
Answer: discerning cellular anatomy
◉ what is cellular fractionation, and a method of cellular
fractionation?
Answer: -takes cells apart and separates the major organelles from
one another
-centrifuges: fractionate cells into their component parts; harder you
spin it, the smaller organelles you get
-used for discerning cellular anatomy
◉ what are the basic features of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic
cells?
Answer: -plasma membrane
-semifluid substance called cytosol
-chromosomes that carry genes
-ribosomes that make proteins
◉ characteristics of a prokaryotic cell
Answer: -no defined nucleus
-DNA in unbound nucleoid
-no membrane bound organelles
-100x smaller than eukaryotic cells
,-flagella for movement (a lot, not all)
-a lot have cell walls
◉ characteristics of a eukaryotic cell
Answer: -DNA in membrane-bound nucleus
-membrane-bound organelles
-endomembrane system (inner membrane)
-larger than prokaryotic cells
-plant and animal cells have. many shared organelles
◉ What do plant cells have that animal cells don't?
Answer: cellulose, cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole
◉ what is in the nucleus?
Answer: DNA, nuclear envelope, nuclear membrane, nuclear pores,
chromatin/chromosomes, nucleolis, ribosomes, lamina
◉ What is the nuclear envelope?
Answer: it encloses the nucleus
◉ what is the nuclear membrane?
Answer: a lipid bilayer
, ◉ what are nuclear pores
Answer: they regulate the entry and exit of molecules
◉ what is the lamina?
Answer: -maintains shape of nucleus
-composed of protein
-is a support structure
◉ what kind of membrane do organelles in eukaryotic cells have?
Answer: double membrane
◉ what is chromatin?
Answer: -where the DNA is
-wraps around proteins, which forms chromatin structures
◉ what do chromatin structures form as they condense when
preparing for cell division?
Answer: chromosomes
◉ what is the nucleolis?
Answer: -makes ribosomal DNA (rRNA)
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ where are cells in the biological size range?
Answer: about the middle
◉ what is microscopy?
Answer: how you see things
◉ describe scanning electron microscopes
Answer: -focus electrons onto the surface of the specimen,
producing 2-D pictures
-used for smaller than cellular looking
◉ describe transmission electron microscopes
Answer: -focus beam of electrons through a specimen, producing 2-
D pictures
-used for smaller than cellular looking
,◉ what are both TEM and SEM microscopes used for?
Answer: discerning cellular anatomy
◉ what is cellular fractionation, and a method of cellular
fractionation?
Answer: -takes cells apart and separates the major organelles from
one another
-centrifuges: fractionate cells into their component parts; harder you
spin it, the smaller organelles you get
-used for discerning cellular anatomy
◉ what are the basic features of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic
cells?
Answer: -plasma membrane
-semifluid substance called cytosol
-chromosomes that carry genes
-ribosomes that make proteins
◉ characteristics of a prokaryotic cell
Answer: -no defined nucleus
-DNA in unbound nucleoid
-no membrane bound organelles
-100x smaller than eukaryotic cells
,-flagella for movement (a lot, not all)
-a lot have cell walls
◉ characteristics of a eukaryotic cell
Answer: -DNA in membrane-bound nucleus
-membrane-bound organelles
-endomembrane system (inner membrane)
-larger than prokaryotic cells
-plant and animal cells have. many shared organelles
◉ What do plant cells have that animal cells don't?
Answer: cellulose, cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole
◉ what is in the nucleus?
Answer: DNA, nuclear envelope, nuclear membrane, nuclear pores,
chromatin/chromosomes, nucleolis, ribosomes, lamina
◉ What is the nuclear envelope?
Answer: it encloses the nucleus
◉ what is the nuclear membrane?
Answer: a lipid bilayer
, ◉ what are nuclear pores
Answer: they regulate the entry and exit of molecules
◉ what is the lamina?
Answer: -maintains shape of nucleus
-composed of protein
-is a support structure
◉ what kind of membrane do organelles in eukaryotic cells have?
Answer: double membrane
◉ what is chromatin?
Answer: -where the DNA is
-wraps around proteins, which forms chromatin structures
◉ what do chromatin structures form as they condense when
preparing for cell division?
Answer: chromosomes
◉ what is the nucleolis?
Answer: -makes ribosomal DNA (rRNA)
