BIOS 256 Midterm Final Exam (Latest
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A –
Chamberlain
1. Which type of muscle is involuntary and found in the walls of
hollow organs?
A. Skeletal
B. Cardiac
C. Smooth
D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Smooth muscle is involuntary and lines organs such as
the stomach and intestines.
2. Which hormone regulates the sleep-wake cycle?
A. Cortisol
B. Melatonin
C. Thyroxine
D. Insulin
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Melatonin, secreted by the pineal gland, regulates
circadian rhythms.
3. Which blood component is responsible for clotting?
A. Red blood cells
B. Platelets
C. White blood cells
D. Plasma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Platelets aggregate at sites of injury to form blood clots.
4. Which organ is the main site of nutrient absorption?
A. Stomach
B. Small intestine
C. Large intestine
D. Esophagus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The small intestine absorbs nutrients via villi and
microvilli.
5. Which hormone lowers blood glucose?
A. Glucagon
B. Insulin
C. Cortisol
D. Adrenaline
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin promotes glucose uptake into cells, lowering
blood sugar levels.
6. Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
A. Axon
B. Dendrite
C. Soma
D. Axon terminal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dendrites carry incoming signals to the neuron cell
body.
7. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
A. Arteries
B. Veins
C. Capillaries
D. Venules
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Arteries transport oxygen-rich blood from the heart to
body tissues.
8. Which organ produces bile?
A. Liver
B. Gallbladder
, C. Pancreas
D. Small intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The liver synthesizes bile, which aids in fat digestion.
9. Which part of the brain coordinates voluntary movement and
balance?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla oblongata
D. Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cerebellum integrates sensory input for balance and
coordinated movement.
10. Which hormone increases blood calcium levels?
A. Calcitonin
B. Parathyroid hormone
C. Insulin
D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Parathyroid hormone stimulates bone resorption and
kidney reabsorption to raise calcium levels.
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A –
Chamberlain
1. Which type of muscle is involuntary and found in the walls of
hollow organs?
A. Skeletal
B. Cardiac
C. Smooth
D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Smooth muscle is involuntary and lines organs such as
the stomach and intestines.
2. Which hormone regulates the sleep-wake cycle?
A. Cortisol
B. Melatonin
C. Thyroxine
D. Insulin
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Melatonin, secreted by the pineal gland, regulates
circadian rhythms.
3. Which blood component is responsible for clotting?
A. Red blood cells
B. Platelets
C. White blood cells
D. Plasma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Platelets aggregate at sites of injury to form blood clots.
4. Which organ is the main site of nutrient absorption?
A. Stomach
B. Small intestine
C. Large intestine
D. Esophagus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The small intestine absorbs nutrients via villi and
microvilli.
5. Which hormone lowers blood glucose?
A. Glucagon
B. Insulin
C. Cortisol
D. Adrenaline
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin promotes glucose uptake into cells, lowering
blood sugar levels.
6. Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
A. Axon
B. Dendrite
C. Soma
D. Axon terminal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dendrites carry incoming signals to the neuron cell
body.
7. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
A. Arteries
B. Veins
C. Capillaries
D. Venules
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Arteries transport oxygen-rich blood from the heart to
body tissues.
8. Which organ produces bile?
A. Liver
B. Gallbladder
, C. Pancreas
D. Small intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The liver synthesizes bile, which aids in fat digestion.
9. Which part of the brain coordinates voluntary movement and
balance?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla oblongata
D. Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cerebellum integrates sensory input for balance and
coordinated movement.
10. Which hormone increases blood calcium levels?
A. Calcitonin
B. Parathyroid hormone
C. Insulin
D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Parathyroid hormone stimulates bone resorption and
kidney reabsorption to raise calcium levels.
