Module 6:PSYC 140: Module 6 Study Guide:Latest Updated Solution:100% Verified

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence Puberty • North American typical puberty age o Girls: 10-16 • Pubertal growth spurt: 8-13 • Avg. age of menarche: 12.5 • Early puberty effects: delinquency, negative body image, eating disorders, substance abuse, early sexual behavior • Late puberty effects: may feel "left out", generally more positive o Boys: 12.5- 18 • Pubertal growth spurt: 9.5-13.5 • Avg. age of spermarche: 13 • Early puberty effects: popularity with boys and girls, athletic success • Late puberty effects: substance abuse, problem behaviors • Typically add 50% body weight, muscle mass increases (mostly for boys), girls add fat to arms, legs, trunk 1. Hypothalamus: key regulatory center in the brain; monitors body heat, water, nutrient levels, glands, hormones; regulates sexual behavior a. Slowly produces GnRH: gonadotropin-releasing hormone in middle childhood, ramping up i. Associated with leptin (protein stored in fat) b. Pre-pubertal growth spurt = increase of body fat = leptin level increase = hypothalamus trigger to start great GnRH production i. Underweight individuals start puberty lat