BIOS 256 Anatomy & Physiology IV
Exam 1 (Latest Update )
Anatomy and Physiology IV with Lab |
Questions & Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A - Chamberlain
1. The functional unit of the kidney is called:
A. Nephron
B. Glomerulus
C. Loop of Henle
D. Bowman’s capsule
Correct Answer: A. Nephron
Rationale: The nephron filters blood, reabsorbs needed substances,
and forms urine.
2. The filtration of blood occurs in the:
A. Glomerulus
B. Loop of Henle
C. Collecting duct
D. Distal convoluted tubule
Correct Answer: A. Glomerulus
,Rationale: Glomerular capillaries allow plasma and small solutes to
filter into Bowman’s capsule.
3. The structure surrounding the glomerulus is:
A. Bowman’s capsule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Proximal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Bowman’s capsule
Rationale: Bowman’s capsule collects the filtrate from the
glomerulus.
4. The part of the nephron responsible for water reabsorption is:
A. Loop of Henle
B. Glomerulus
C. Proximal tubule
D. Bowman’s capsule
Correct Answer: A. Loop of Henle
Rationale: The loop of Henle creates a concentration gradient for
water reabsorption.
5. Most reabsorption of nutrients occurs in the:
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
,D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Proximal convoluted tubule
Rationale: The proximal tubule reabsorbs glucose, amino acids,
ions, and water.
6. The distal convoluted tubule functions in:
A. Selective reabsorption and secretion
B. Filtration only
C. Concentration gradient formation
D. Storage of urine
Correct Answer: A. Selective reabsorption and secretion
Rationale: Distal tubule fine-tunes electrolyte and pH balance.
7. The collecting duct is responsible for:
A. Water reabsorption under ADH influence
B. Filtration
C. Secretion of urea only
D. Glucose absorption
Correct Answer: A. Water reabsorption under ADH influence
Rationale: ADH regulates water permeability of the collecting duct.
8. The hormone that increases water reabsorption is:
A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
, D. Erythropoietin
Correct Answer: A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Rationale: ADH increases water reabsorption to conserve fluid.
9. The hormone that increases sodium reabsorption is:
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. Renin
D. Calcitonin
Correct Answer: A. Aldosterone
Rationale: Aldosterone acts on distal tubules to retain sodium and
water.
10. The juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes:
A. Renin
B. ADH
C. Aldosterone
D. Calcitonin
Correct Answer: A. Renin
Rationale: Renin activates the RAAS system to regulate blood
pressure and fluid balance.
11. Which part of the nephron is impermeable to water?
A. Ascending loop of Henle
B. Descending loop of Henle
Exam 1 (Latest Update )
Anatomy and Physiology IV with Lab |
Questions & Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A - Chamberlain
1. The functional unit of the kidney is called:
A. Nephron
B. Glomerulus
C. Loop of Henle
D. Bowman’s capsule
Correct Answer: A. Nephron
Rationale: The nephron filters blood, reabsorbs needed substances,
and forms urine.
2. The filtration of blood occurs in the:
A. Glomerulus
B. Loop of Henle
C. Collecting duct
D. Distal convoluted tubule
Correct Answer: A. Glomerulus
,Rationale: Glomerular capillaries allow plasma and small solutes to
filter into Bowman’s capsule.
3. The structure surrounding the glomerulus is:
A. Bowman’s capsule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Proximal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Bowman’s capsule
Rationale: Bowman’s capsule collects the filtrate from the
glomerulus.
4. The part of the nephron responsible for water reabsorption is:
A. Loop of Henle
B. Glomerulus
C. Proximal tubule
D. Bowman’s capsule
Correct Answer: A. Loop of Henle
Rationale: The loop of Henle creates a concentration gradient for
water reabsorption.
5. Most reabsorption of nutrients occurs in the:
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
,D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Proximal convoluted tubule
Rationale: The proximal tubule reabsorbs glucose, amino acids,
ions, and water.
6. The distal convoluted tubule functions in:
A. Selective reabsorption and secretion
B. Filtration only
C. Concentration gradient formation
D. Storage of urine
Correct Answer: A. Selective reabsorption and secretion
Rationale: Distal tubule fine-tunes electrolyte and pH balance.
7. The collecting duct is responsible for:
A. Water reabsorption under ADH influence
B. Filtration
C. Secretion of urea only
D. Glucose absorption
Correct Answer: A. Water reabsorption under ADH influence
Rationale: ADH regulates water permeability of the collecting duct.
8. The hormone that increases water reabsorption is:
A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
, D. Erythropoietin
Correct Answer: A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Rationale: ADH increases water reabsorption to conserve fluid.
9. The hormone that increases sodium reabsorption is:
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. Renin
D. Calcitonin
Correct Answer: A. Aldosterone
Rationale: Aldosterone acts on distal tubules to retain sodium and
water.
10. The juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes:
A. Renin
B. ADH
C. Aldosterone
D. Calcitonin
Correct Answer: A. Renin
Rationale: Renin activates the RAAS system to regulate blood
pressure and fluid balance.
11. Which part of the nephron is impermeable to water?
A. Ascending loop of Henle
B. Descending loop of Henle
