COMPREHENSIVE CARBOHYDRATE AND
PROTEIN METABOLISM FOR
BIOCHEMISTRY EXAM 2026/2027 WITH 150
QUESTIONS AND EXPERT-VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED
A+ | GUARANTEED PASS | BIOCHEMISTRY
ACTUAL LATEST EXAM 2026
What is the first step of glycogenesis?
Glucose-6-P is converted to Glucose-1-P by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase.
What enzyme is responsible for converting Glucose-1-P to UDP-glucose in
glycogenesis?
UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.
What is the role of glycogen synthase in glycogenesis?
It adds one glucose unit to the glycogen chain and releases UDP.
What is glycogenolysis?
,The process of breaking down glycogen into glucose, occurring in muscle or liver
when blood glucose is low.
What is the first step of glycogenolysis?
Glycogen is converted to Glucose-1-P by glycogen phosphorylase.
What does glycogen phosphorylase use to cleave glycogen?
It uses inorganic phosphate (Pᵢ), not ATP.
What is the function of glucose-6-phosphatase in glycogenolysis?
It converts Glucose-6-P to free glucose in the liver, raising blood sugar levels.
What is the Cori Cycle?
The process where glucose is converted to lactate in muscles, then lactate is
transported to the liver to be reconverted to glucose.
Where does gluconeogenesis occur?
In the liver, when dietary glucose and glycogen are depleted.
What is the role of pyruvate carboxylase in gluconeogenesis?
, It converts pyruvate to oxaloacetate and requires ATP.
What are the three irreversible steps of glycolysis bypassed in gluconeogenesis?
1) Pyruvate to oxaloacetate, 2) Oxaloacetate to PEP, 3) Fructose-1,6-bisP to
Fructose-6-P.
What are ketone bodies?
Water-soluble compounds (acetoacetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetone) produced
from excess Acetyl-CoA in the liver.
What is the primary function of ketone bodies?
They serve as an alternative energy source for the brain and other tissues during
fasting or low-carb conditions.
What is the first step of protein digestion in the stomach?
Proteins are broken down into large polypeptides by pepsin.
What enzymes are involved in protein digestion in the small intestine?
Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidases.
PROTEIN METABOLISM FOR
BIOCHEMISTRY EXAM 2026/2027 WITH 150
QUESTIONS AND EXPERT-VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED
A+ | GUARANTEED PASS | BIOCHEMISTRY
ACTUAL LATEST EXAM 2026
What is the first step of glycogenesis?
Glucose-6-P is converted to Glucose-1-P by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase.
What enzyme is responsible for converting Glucose-1-P to UDP-glucose in
glycogenesis?
UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.
What is the role of glycogen synthase in glycogenesis?
It adds one glucose unit to the glycogen chain and releases UDP.
What is glycogenolysis?
,The process of breaking down glycogen into glucose, occurring in muscle or liver
when blood glucose is low.
What is the first step of glycogenolysis?
Glycogen is converted to Glucose-1-P by glycogen phosphorylase.
What does glycogen phosphorylase use to cleave glycogen?
It uses inorganic phosphate (Pᵢ), not ATP.
What is the function of glucose-6-phosphatase in glycogenolysis?
It converts Glucose-6-P to free glucose in the liver, raising blood sugar levels.
What is the Cori Cycle?
The process where glucose is converted to lactate in muscles, then lactate is
transported to the liver to be reconverted to glucose.
Where does gluconeogenesis occur?
In the liver, when dietary glucose and glycogen are depleted.
What is the role of pyruvate carboxylase in gluconeogenesis?
, It converts pyruvate to oxaloacetate and requires ATP.
What are the three irreversible steps of glycolysis bypassed in gluconeogenesis?
1) Pyruvate to oxaloacetate, 2) Oxaloacetate to PEP, 3) Fructose-1,6-bisP to
Fructose-6-P.
What are ketone bodies?
Water-soluble compounds (acetoacetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetone) produced
from excess Acetyl-CoA in the liver.
What is the primary function of ketone bodies?
They serve as an alternative energy source for the brain and other tissues during
fasting or low-carb conditions.
What is the first step of protein digestion in the stomach?
Proteins are broken down into large polypeptides by pepsin.
What enzymes are involved in protein digestion in the small intestine?
Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidases.
