Genus Species Fossils Scientist Location Brain size Time Primitive features Modern features.
(cm3) (mya)
Australopithecus afarensis Lucy X Ethiopia, Hader 400-500 3.2-2.9 - brow ridge is pronounced - foramen magnum is closer
to the base of the skull
Only found in - relatively small brain
Africa - less opposable toe
- small forehead
They are more
- large jaw
ape than human
- Diastema present
- large Canines (smaller than ape).
- long arm + curved fingers
africanus Mrs Ples X Sterkfontein 450-600 3.0-2.3 - brow ridge present - smaller teeth
- small brain - arch in the foot
Taung child Raymond Limpopo - long arms - no opposable toe (Big toe in
Dart line with others)
- S shaped curvature
sediba Karabo Lee Sterkfontein 500-800 1.9 - long arms Wider pelvis
Berger
(transitional - slightly larger brain Smaller pelvis
species)
- short Rounded dental arch
- curved fingers Small teeth
(cm3) (mya)
Australopithecus afarensis Lucy X Ethiopia, Hader 400-500 3.2-2.9 - brow ridge is pronounced - foramen magnum is closer
to the base of the skull
Only found in - relatively small brain
Africa - less opposable toe
- small forehead
They are more
- large jaw
ape than human
- Diastema present
- large Canines (smaller than ape).
- long arm + curved fingers
africanus Mrs Ples X Sterkfontein 450-600 3.0-2.3 - brow ridge present - smaller teeth
- small brain - arch in the foot
Taung child Raymond Limpopo - long arms - no opposable toe (Big toe in
Dart line with others)
- S shaped curvature
sediba Karabo Lee Sterkfontein 500-800 1.9 - long arms Wider pelvis
Berger
(transitional - slightly larger brain Smaller pelvis
species)
- short Rounded dental arch
- curved fingers Small teeth
