BEHAVIORAL NEUROBIOLOGY BYU
EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is the brain? - Correct Answers -It is the command center of the body. It receives
information from the world, processes it, and then sends out a response.
How many neurons and glial cells does a human brain have? - Correct Answers -170.68
billion cells, 86.1 billion of which are neurons and 84.6 billion of which are glial cells
What are the divisions of the nervous system? - Correct Answers -Central Nervous
System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Genes - Correct Answers -the biochemical units of heredity that make up the
chromosomes; a segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein
Genotype vs. Phenotype - Correct Answers -An organism's genotype is the set of genes
that it carries. An organism's phenotype is all of its observable characteristics. Genotype
codes for specific phenotypes.
Nerve net - Correct Answers -The nerve net is a system made up of a network of nerve
cells, the impulse of which travels in both directions. The nerve net is the simplest
nervous system found in simple animals such as hydra.
threshold potential - Correct Answers -Voltage on a neural membrane at which an
action potential is triggered
Opening of Na+ and K+ voltage-activated channels
Approximately -50 mV relative to extracellular surround.
voltage-activated ion channels - Correct Answers -gated protein channel that opens or
closes only at specific membrane voltages
absolute refractory period - Correct Answers -the state of an axon in the depolarizing
period, during which a new action potential cannot be elicited because gate 2 of sodium
channels (not voltage activated) are closed.
What are ganglia? - Correct Answers -collections of cell bodies in the PNS
, encephalization quotient - Correct Answers -Jerison's quantitative measure of brain size
obtained from the ratio of actual brain size to expected brain size, according to the
principle of proper mass, for an animal of a particular body size
Relation of brain cells to intelligence - Correct Answers -little evidence that brain cell
quantity or type are associated with intelligence.
Connectome - Correct Answers -Comprehensive map of all structural connectivity (the
physical wiring) in an organism's nervous system.
size of human brain and its relation to intelligence - Correct Answers -brain size does
not relate to intelligence. brain size has more to do with body size (EQ). if bigger brains
were smarter, bigger people would be the most intelligent.
neuroplasticity - Correct Answers -the ability within the brain to constantly change both
the structure and function of many cells in response to experience or trauma
memes - Correct Answers -an idea, behavior, or style that spreads from person to
person within a culture.
Flynn effect - Correct Answers -A worldwide increase in IQ scores over the last several
decades, at a rate of about 3 points per decade
brain surface features - Correct Answers -Skull
Meninges (dura mater, arachnoid membrane, pia mater)
subarachnoid space (filled with CSF)
lobes of the brain and their functions - Correct Answers -Frontal Lobe- associated with
reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving
Parietal Lobe- associated with movement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli
Occipital Lobe- associated with visual processing
Temporal Lobe- associated with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory,
and speech
major cerebral arteries - Correct Answers -Two major suppliers of blood to brain via
Circle of Willis
-Basilar artery
-Internal carotid arteries (Anterior circulation)
Three major arteries that enter the brain tissue itself
-Posterior cerebral artery
-Middle cerebral artery
-Anterior cerebral artery
ventricles and choroid plexus - Correct Answers -The ventricles of the brain contain
CSF
The choroid plexuses make CSF
EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is the brain? - Correct Answers -It is the command center of the body. It receives
information from the world, processes it, and then sends out a response.
How many neurons and glial cells does a human brain have? - Correct Answers -170.68
billion cells, 86.1 billion of which are neurons and 84.6 billion of which are glial cells
What are the divisions of the nervous system? - Correct Answers -Central Nervous
System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Genes - Correct Answers -the biochemical units of heredity that make up the
chromosomes; a segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein
Genotype vs. Phenotype - Correct Answers -An organism's genotype is the set of genes
that it carries. An organism's phenotype is all of its observable characteristics. Genotype
codes for specific phenotypes.
Nerve net - Correct Answers -The nerve net is a system made up of a network of nerve
cells, the impulse of which travels in both directions. The nerve net is the simplest
nervous system found in simple animals such as hydra.
threshold potential - Correct Answers -Voltage on a neural membrane at which an
action potential is triggered
Opening of Na+ and K+ voltage-activated channels
Approximately -50 mV relative to extracellular surround.
voltage-activated ion channels - Correct Answers -gated protein channel that opens or
closes only at specific membrane voltages
absolute refractory period - Correct Answers -the state of an axon in the depolarizing
period, during which a new action potential cannot be elicited because gate 2 of sodium
channels (not voltage activated) are closed.
What are ganglia? - Correct Answers -collections of cell bodies in the PNS
, encephalization quotient - Correct Answers -Jerison's quantitative measure of brain size
obtained from the ratio of actual brain size to expected brain size, according to the
principle of proper mass, for an animal of a particular body size
Relation of brain cells to intelligence - Correct Answers -little evidence that brain cell
quantity or type are associated with intelligence.
Connectome - Correct Answers -Comprehensive map of all structural connectivity (the
physical wiring) in an organism's nervous system.
size of human brain and its relation to intelligence - Correct Answers -brain size does
not relate to intelligence. brain size has more to do with body size (EQ). if bigger brains
were smarter, bigger people would be the most intelligent.
neuroplasticity - Correct Answers -the ability within the brain to constantly change both
the structure and function of many cells in response to experience or trauma
memes - Correct Answers -an idea, behavior, or style that spreads from person to
person within a culture.
Flynn effect - Correct Answers -A worldwide increase in IQ scores over the last several
decades, at a rate of about 3 points per decade
brain surface features - Correct Answers -Skull
Meninges (dura mater, arachnoid membrane, pia mater)
subarachnoid space (filled with CSF)
lobes of the brain and their functions - Correct Answers -Frontal Lobe- associated with
reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving
Parietal Lobe- associated with movement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli
Occipital Lobe- associated with visual processing
Temporal Lobe- associated with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory,
and speech
major cerebral arteries - Correct Answers -Two major suppliers of blood to brain via
Circle of Willis
-Basilar artery
-Internal carotid arteries (Anterior circulation)
Three major arteries that enter the brain tissue itself
-Posterior cerebral artery
-Middle cerebral artery
-Anterior cerebral artery
ventricles and choroid plexus - Correct Answers -The ventricles of the brain contain
CSF
The choroid plexuses make CSF
