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Questions 11–50 continue in the same format and style with correct options, detailed rationales,
and alignment to Galen BSN outcomes and NCLEX testing blueprint.
NCLEX-Style Exam Questons with Ratonales for NSG 3100 - Unit #4: Asepsis (Galen College of
Nursing)
... (Questins 1–15 already included)
1. A nurse is caring for a client on contact precautons due to a wound infected with MRSA. Which PPE
is appropriate? A. Gloves and gown B. Gloves only C. Mask and gloves D. N95 respirator and gown
Answer: A. Gloves and gown
Ratonale: Contact precautons require gloves and gown to prevent transmission of infectous agents
through contact with contaminated surfaces or wounds.
Q2. The nurse is preparing to enter the room of a client with tuberculosis. Which PPE is required? A.
Surgical mask B. N95 respirator C. Gown and gloves only D. Face shield and gloves
Answer: B. N95 respirator
Ratonale: TB requires airborne precautons. An N95 respirator is necessary to prevent inhalaton of
airborne partcles.
Q3. Which scenario requires the nurse to wash hands with soap and water instead of using alcohol-
based hand rub? A. Before donning gloves B. Aſter removing gloves C. Aſter contact with C. difficile D.
Aſter taking vital signs
Answer: C. Aſter contact with C. difficile
Ratonale: Alcohol-based hand rub is ineffectve against C. difficile spores. Soap and water is required.
Q4. A nurse sustains a needle stck injury aſter administering a subcutaneous injecton. What is the
first acton? A. Notfy the charge nurse B. Complete an incident report C. Wash the area with soap and
water D. Call the lab for blood draw
Answer: C. Wash the area with soap and water
Ratonale: Immediate washing reduces pathogen transmission. Other steps follow aſter inital
cleansing.
Q5. Which patent conditon requires airborne precautons? A. Influenza B. MRSA C. Tuberculosis D. C.
difficile
Answer: C. Tuberculosis
Ratonale: TB is transmited via airborne droplets. Airborne precautons with N95 are required.
Q6. A neutropenic patent requires which nursing interventon? A. Use of droplet precautons B.
Protectve isolaton with EPA filtraton C. Place in a negatve-pressure room D. Contact precautons
only
Answer: B. Protectve isolaton with HEPA filtraton
Ratonale: Neutropenic patents need protecton from outside organisms; HEPA filtraton reduces
exposure.
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,https://www.stuvia.com/user/nursecare
Q7. When should the nurse remove gloves during a sterile dressing change? A. Aſter touching the
sterile field B. Aſter completng the dressing C. Aſter cleansing the wound D. Before removing the
dressing
Answer: C. Aſter cleansing the wound
Ratonale: Clean gloves are used for removing old dressings and cleaning. New sterile gloves are
needed aſter cleaning.
Q8. Which of the following is an early sign of infecton in an older adult? A. Elevated WBCs B.
Productve cough C. Sudden confusion D. High fever
Answer: C. Sudden confusion
Ratonale: Older adults oſten exhibit atypical signs like confusion rather than typical fever or WBC
elevaton.
Q9. Which PPE is needed for droplet precautons? A. Gown and gloves B. N95 respirator C. Surgical
mask D. Face shield
Answer: C. Surgical mask
Ratonale: Droplet precautons require a surgical mask within 3-6 feet of the patent.
Q10. Which infecton requires both contact and airborne precautons? A. Measles B. C. difficile C.
MRSA D. Herpes simplex
Answer: A. Measles
Ratonale: Measles is highly contagious and airborne, requiring airborne precautons (N95) and
isolaton
Q11. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patent with a surgical incision. Which statement
indicates understanding? A. "I will remove the dressing daily and clean with alcohol." B. "I can shower
immediately aſter getng home." C. "I will report any redness, swelling, or drainage." D. "I will soak
the incision in warm water twice daily."
Answer: C. "I will report any redness, swelling, or drainage."
Ratonale: These are signs of infecton. The other optons could delay healing or introduce infecton.
Q12. What is the most common site for healthcare-associated infectons (HAIs)? A. Wounds B.
Bloodstream C. Urinary tract D. Skin
Answer: C. Urinary tract
Ratonale: Catheter-associated urinary tract infectons are the most common type of HAI.
Q13. When should hand hygiene be performed during patent care? A. Before entering the hospital B.
Every 4 hours C. Before and aſter patent contact D. Only when visibly soiled
Answer: C. Before and aſter patent contact
Ratonale: Hand hygiene is essental before and aſter each patent interacton to prevent transmission.
Q14. What PPE is required for caring for a patent with C. difficile? A. Gown, gloves, and N95 B. Gloves
and gown C. Surgical mask and gloves D. Face shield only
Answer: B. Gloves and gown
Ratonale: Contact precautons apply. Gown and gloves must be used. Soap and water is required for
hand hygiene.
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,https://www.stuvia.com/user/nursecare
Q15. A nurse contaminates a sterile field by: A. Opening the first flap away from the body B. Keeping
hands above the waist C. Turning away from the sterile field D. Keeping sterile items inside 1-inch
border
Answer: C. Turning away from the sterile field
Ratonale: A sterile field is no longer considered sterile once the nurse turns their back on it.
Q16. Which precauton is appropriate when caring for a patent with herpes simplex on the lip? A.
Airborne B. Droplet C. Contact D. Protectve isolaton
Answer: C. Contact
Ratonale: Herpes simplex virus lesions are spread by direct contact.
Q17. Which acton best maintains a sterile field? A. Holding supplies below the waist B. Pouring
soluton from 6 inches above field C. Reaching over the sterile field D. Opening packages over the field
Answer: B. Pouring soluton from 6 inches above field
Ratonale: This prevents contaminaton by keeping distance while minimizing splash.
Q18. Which nursing interventon helps reduce the risk of HAI in patents with a Foley catheter? A.
Irrigate the catheter daily B. Keep the drainage bag on the bed C. Perform perineal care daily D. Use
gloves when emptying
Answer: C. Perform perineal care daily
Ratonale: Routne perineal care reduces bacterial colonizaton near the catheter.
Q19. Which of the following should the nurse do aſter removing PPE? A. Leave the room immediately
B. Document the procedure C. Perform hand hygiene D. Put on clean gloves
Answer: C. Perform hand hygiene
Ratonale: Hand hygiene is always performed aſter PPE removal.
Q20. An older adult client presents with low-grade fever and malaise. What should the nurse
consider? A. These are typical signs of aging B. These are early signs of infecton in older adults C. The
client is likely dehydrated D. These symptoms are psychosomatc
Answer: B. These are early signs of infecton in older adults
Ratonale: Older adults may not present with classic infecton signs; mild symptoms should be taken
seriously.
Q21. Which acton by the nurse helps reduce the risk of ventlator-associated pneumonia (VAP)? A.
Elevatng the head of the bed 30–45 degrees B. Administering antbiotcs prophylactcally C. Keeping
the patent sedated at all tmes D. Performing oral care once a day
Answer: A. Elevatng the head of the bed 30–45 degrees
Ratonale: Elevaton of the head reduces the risk of aspiraton and is a key measure in preventng VAP.
Q22. What is the best way to prevent the transmission of pathogens in a healthcare setng? A. Use of
surgical masks B. Isolaton precautons C. Frequent linen changes D. Effectve hand hygiene
Answer: D. Effectve hand hygiene
Ratonale: Hand hygiene is the single most effectve way to prevent the spread of infecton.
Q23. When donning PPE, what is the correct sequence? A. Mask, gown, gloves, goggles B. Gown,
mask, goggles, gloves C. Gloves, mask, gown, goggles D. Mask, gloves, gown, goggles
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Answer: B. Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
Ratonale: This sequence prevents contaminaton during the donning process.
Q24. The nurse is preparing to doff PPE aſter caring for a patent on droplet precautons. What should
be removed first? A. Gloves B. Gown C. Goggles D. Mask
Answer: A. Gloves
Ratonale: Gloves are the most contaminated and should be removed first.
Q25. Which infecton is most likely to be acquired from improper hand hygiene aſter toiletng? A.
Influenza B. Hepatts A C. MRSA D. Tuberculosis
Answer: B. Hepatts A
Ratonale: Hepatts A is transmited via the fecal-oral route, making handwashing aſter toiletng
essental.
Q26. A student nurse is preparing a sterile field for a procedure. Which acton would contaminate the
field? A. Holding sterile objects above waist level B. Opening the first flap of a sterile package away
from the body C. Placing sterile supplies 1 inch from the edge D. Reaching over the sterile field to get a
supply
Answer: D. Reaching over the sterile field to get a supply
Ratonale: Reaching over the field contaminates it.
Q27. What is the most appropriate infecton control acton when assistng with a central line dressing
change? A. Clean gloves only B. Use of surgical asepsis C. Droplet precautons D. Contact isolaton
Answer: B. Use of surgical asepsis
Ratonale: Central line care requires sterile technique to prevent bloodstream infectons.
Q28. A patent on droplet precautons needs to be transported for an x-ray. What should the nurse do?
A. Place a surgical mask on the patent B. Put the patent in a wheelchair with gloves C. Use an N95
mask for transport D. Cancel the x-ray to avoid exposure
Answer: A. Place a surgical mask on the patent
Ratonale: Surgical masks reduce the spread of droplets during transport.
Q29. A patent with C. difficile is placed on which type of precautons? A. Airborne B. Droplet C.
Standard D. Contact
Answer: D. Contact
Ratonale: C. difficile requires contact precautons including gown and gloves, and handwashing with
soap and water.
Q30. Which patent is most at risk for developing an HAI? A. A healthy 25-year-old postoperatve
patent B. A 60-year-old patent with diabetes and a Foley catheter C. A 50-year-old patent with a
stage 1 pressure injury D. A 40-year-old receiving oral antbiotcs at home
Answer: B. A 60-year-old patent with diabetes and a Foley catheter
Ratonale: Diabetes and indwelling devices like Foley catheters increase infecton risk.
Q31. What instructon should the nurse give to a UAP (Unlicensed Assistve Personnel) assistng with
hand hygiene? A. Use cold water to rinse hands B. Rub hands together for at least 10 seconds C. Dry
hands from elbows to fingers D. Use fricton for at least 20 seconds
https://www.stuvia.com/user/nursecare
Questions 11–50 continue in the same format and style with correct options, detailed rationales,
and alignment to Galen BSN outcomes and NCLEX testing blueprint.
NCLEX-Style Exam Questons with Ratonales for NSG 3100 - Unit #4: Asepsis (Galen College of
Nursing)
... (Questins 1–15 already included)
1. A nurse is caring for a client on contact precautons due to a wound infected with MRSA. Which PPE
is appropriate? A. Gloves and gown B. Gloves only C. Mask and gloves D. N95 respirator and gown
Answer: A. Gloves and gown
Ratonale: Contact precautons require gloves and gown to prevent transmission of infectous agents
through contact with contaminated surfaces or wounds.
Q2. The nurse is preparing to enter the room of a client with tuberculosis. Which PPE is required? A.
Surgical mask B. N95 respirator C. Gown and gloves only D. Face shield and gloves
Answer: B. N95 respirator
Ratonale: TB requires airborne precautons. An N95 respirator is necessary to prevent inhalaton of
airborne partcles.
Q3. Which scenario requires the nurse to wash hands with soap and water instead of using alcohol-
based hand rub? A. Before donning gloves B. Aſter removing gloves C. Aſter contact with C. difficile D.
Aſter taking vital signs
Answer: C. Aſter contact with C. difficile
Ratonale: Alcohol-based hand rub is ineffectve against C. difficile spores. Soap and water is required.
Q4. A nurse sustains a needle stck injury aſter administering a subcutaneous injecton. What is the
first acton? A. Notfy the charge nurse B. Complete an incident report C. Wash the area with soap and
water D. Call the lab for blood draw
Answer: C. Wash the area with soap and water
Ratonale: Immediate washing reduces pathogen transmission. Other steps follow aſter inital
cleansing.
Q5. Which patent conditon requires airborne precautons? A. Influenza B. MRSA C. Tuberculosis D. C.
difficile
Answer: C. Tuberculosis
Ratonale: TB is transmited via airborne droplets. Airborne precautons with N95 are required.
Q6. A neutropenic patent requires which nursing interventon? A. Use of droplet precautons B.
Protectve isolaton with EPA filtraton C. Place in a negatve-pressure room D. Contact precautons
only
Answer: B. Protectve isolaton with HEPA filtraton
Ratonale: Neutropenic patents need protecton from outside organisms; HEPA filtraton reduces
exposure.
https://www.stuvia.com/user/nursecare
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/nursecare
Q7. When should the nurse remove gloves during a sterile dressing change? A. Aſter touching the
sterile field B. Aſter completng the dressing C. Aſter cleansing the wound D. Before removing the
dressing
Answer: C. Aſter cleansing the wound
Ratonale: Clean gloves are used for removing old dressings and cleaning. New sterile gloves are
needed aſter cleaning.
Q8. Which of the following is an early sign of infecton in an older adult? A. Elevated WBCs B.
Productve cough C. Sudden confusion D. High fever
Answer: C. Sudden confusion
Ratonale: Older adults oſten exhibit atypical signs like confusion rather than typical fever or WBC
elevaton.
Q9. Which PPE is needed for droplet precautons? A. Gown and gloves B. N95 respirator C. Surgical
mask D. Face shield
Answer: C. Surgical mask
Ratonale: Droplet precautons require a surgical mask within 3-6 feet of the patent.
Q10. Which infecton requires both contact and airborne precautons? A. Measles B. C. difficile C.
MRSA D. Herpes simplex
Answer: A. Measles
Ratonale: Measles is highly contagious and airborne, requiring airborne precautons (N95) and
isolaton
Q11. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patent with a surgical incision. Which statement
indicates understanding? A. "I will remove the dressing daily and clean with alcohol." B. "I can shower
immediately aſter getng home." C. "I will report any redness, swelling, or drainage." D. "I will soak
the incision in warm water twice daily."
Answer: C. "I will report any redness, swelling, or drainage."
Ratonale: These are signs of infecton. The other optons could delay healing or introduce infecton.
Q12. What is the most common site for healthcare-associated infectons (HAIs)? A. Wounds B.
Bloodstream C. Urinary tract D. Skin
Answer: C. Urinary tract
Ratonale: Catheter-associated urinary tract infectons are the most common type of HAI.
Q13. When should hand hygiene be performed during patent care? A. Before entering the hospital B.
Every 4 hours C. Before and aſter patent contact D. Only when visibly soiled
Answer: C. Before and aſter patent contact
Ratonale: Hand hygiene is essental before and aſter each patent interacton to prevent transmission.
Q14. What PPE is required for caring for a patent with C. difficile? A. Gown, gloves, and N95 B. Gloves
and gown C. Surgical mask and gloves D. Face shield only
Answer: B. Gloves and gown
Ratonale: Contact precautons apply. Gown and gloves must be used. Soap and water is required for
hand hygiene.
https://www.stuvia.com/user/nursecare
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/nursecare
Q15. A nurse contaminates a sterile field by: A. Opening the first flap away from the body B. Keeping
hands above the waist C. Turning away from the sterile field D. Keeping sterile items inside 1-inch
border
Answer: C. Turning away from the sterile field
Ratonale: A sterile field is no longer considered sterile once the nurse turns their back on it.
Q16. Which precauton is appropriate when caring for a patent with herpes simplex on the lip? A.
Airborne B. Droplet C. Contact D. Protectve isolaton
Answer: C. Contact
Ratonale: Herpes simplex virus lesions are spread by direct contact.
Q17. Which acton best maintains a sterile field? A. Holding supplies below the waist B. Pouring
soluton from 6 inches above field C. Reaching over the sterile field D. Opening packages over the field
Answer: B. Pouring soluton from 6 inches above field
Ratonale: This prevents contaminaton by keeping distance while minimizing splash.
Q18. Which nursing interventon helps reduce the risk of HAI in patents with a Foley catheter? A.
Irrigate the catheter daily B. Keep the drainage bag on the bed C. Perform perineal care daily D. Use
gloves when emptying
Answer: C. Perform perineal care daily
Ratonale: Routne perineal care reduces bacterial colonizaton near the catheter.
Q19. Which of the following should the nurse do aſter removing PPE? A. Leave the room immediately
B. Document the procedure C. Perform hand hygiene D. Put on clean gloves
Answer: C. Perform hand hygiene
Ratonale: Hand hygiene is always performed aſter PPE removal.
Q20. An older adult client presents with low-grade fever and malaise. What should the nurse
consider? A. These are typical signs of aging B. These are early signs of infecton in older adults C. The
client is likely dehydrated D. These symptoms are psychosomatc
Answer: B. These are early signs of infecton in older adults
Ratonale: Older adults may not present with classic infecton signs; mild symptoms should be taken
seriously.
Q21. Which acton by the nurse helps reduce the risk of ventlator-associated pneumonia (VAP)? A.
Elevatng the head of the bed 30–45 degrees B. Administering antbiotcs prophylactcally C. Keeping
the patent sedated at all tmes D. Performing oral care once a day
Answer: A. Elevatng the head of the bed 30–45 degrees
Ratonale: Elevaton of the head reduces the risk of aspiraton and is a key measure in preventng VAP.
Q22. What is the best way to prevent the transmission of pathogens in a healthcare setng? A. Use of
surgical masks B. Isolaton precautons C. Frequent linen changes D. Effectve hand hygiene
Answer: D. Effectve hand hygiene
Ratonale: Hand hygiene is the single most effectve way to prevent the spread of infecton.
Q23. When donning PPE, what is the correct sequence? A. Mask, gown, gloves, goggles B. Gown,
mask, goggles, gloves C. Gloves, mask, gown, goggles D. Mask, gloves, gown, goggles
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Answer: B. Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
Ratonale: This sequence prevents contaminaton during the donning process.
Q24. The nurse is preparing to doff PPE aſter caring for a patent on droplet precautons. What should
be removed first? A. Gloves B. Gown C. Goggles D. Mask
Answer: A. Gloves
Ratonale: Gloves are the most contaminated and should be removed first.
Q25. Which infecton is most likely to be acquired from improper hand hygiene aſter toiletng? A.
Influenza B. Hepatts A C. MRSA D. Tuberculosis
Answer: B. Hepatts A
Ratonale: Hepatts A is transmited via the fecal-oral route, making handwashing aſter toiletng
essental.
Q26. A student nurse is preparing a sterile field for a procedure. Which acton would contaminate the
field? A. Holding sterile objects above waist level B. Opening the first flap of a sterile package away
from the body C. Placing sterile supplies 1 inch from the edge D. Reaching over the sterile field to get a
supply
Answer: D. Reaching over the sterile field to get a supply
Ratonale: Reaching over the field contaminates it.
Q27. What is the most appropriate infecton control acton when assistng with a central line dressing
change? A. Clean gloves only B. Use of surgical asepsis C. Droplet precautons D. Contact isolaton
Answer: B. Use of surgical asepsis
Ratonale: Central line care requires sterile technique to prevent bloodstream infectons.
Q28. A patent on droplet precautons needs to be transported for an x-ray. What should the nurse do?
A. Place a surgical mask on the patent B. Put the patent in a wheelchair with gloves C. Use an N95
mask for transport D. Cancel the x-ray to avoid exposure
Answer: A. Place a surgical mask on the patent
Ratonale: Surgical masks reduce the spread of droplets during transport.
Q29. A patent with C. difficile is placed on which type of precautons? A. Airborne B. Droplet C.
Standard D. Contact
Answer: D. Contact
Ratonale: C. difficile requires contact precautons including gown and gloves, and handwashing with
soap and water.
Q30. Which patent is most at risk for developing an HAI? A. A healthy 25-year-old postoperatve
patent B. A 60-year-old patent with diabetes and a Foley catheter C. A 50-year-old patent with a
stage 1 pressure injury D. A 40-year-old receiving oral antbiotcs at home
Answer: B. A 60-year-old patent with diabetes and a Foley catheter
Ratonale: Diabetes and indwelling devices like Foley catheters increase infecton risk.
Q31. What instructon should the nurse give to a UAP (Unlicensed Assistve Personnel) assistng with
hand hygiene? A. Use cold water to rinse hands B. Rub hands together for at least 10 seconds C. Dry
hands from elbows to fingers D. Use fricton for at least 20 seconds
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