Bio 148 Exam 3 Questions With
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What's the difference between obligate and facultative mutualism? - Answer- Obligate
mutualisms are when the two species must engage in the interaction to
survive/reproduce; facultative mutualisms are when the species do not need to engage
in the interaction to survive and reproduce
What benefit do mycorrhizal fungi provide to plants? - Answer- Nutrients and water from
the soil
How does a commensalism differ from a mutualism? - Answer- In a commensalism, one
species benefits but the other is not affected
When do mutualists engage in their interaction? - Answer- When the costs of the
mutualism are outweighed by the benefits
What is cheating in the context of mutualisms? - Answer- When one partner in the
interaction obtains the benefit without fulfilling their role in the mutualism
Which of the below taxa are engaged in a mutualism with plants? - Answer- All of the
listed taxa have mutualisms with plants
What is does the fig wasp gain in its mutualism with figs? - Answer- A safe, nutritious
place to lay eggs
What is the key takeaway from this figure on the Yucca mutualism with yucca moths? -
Answer- When yucca moths lay too many eggs, the Yucca plant aborts those ovaries to
prevent cheating in the mutualism
What is symbiosis? - Answer- When two species engaged in a mutualistic interaction
live their lives in close proximity
What best explains why removing elephants ultimately leads to increased mortality of
acacia trees? - Answer- Elephant removal reduced herbivory pressure, leading Acacia
to decrease investment in ant mutualists, which allows harmful organisms to colonize
What factors comprise a species' niche? - Answer- All listed options comprise the niche
(habitat,food,effects on other species)
, What is the key determinant of whether competition actually occurs or not? - Answer-
Resource availability
What is character displacement? - Answer- The divergence of two species' morphology
when they cooccur compared to when they occur alone
Can competition occur within a species? - Answer- Yes, this is density-dependence
What is added to the logistic growth equation to include interspecific competition? -
Answer- The population size of the competitor and its effect on the focal species
Is the outcome of competition typically even? - Answer- No, one species tends to be the
dominant competitor
Which is larger, the fundamental or realized niche? - Answer- Fundamental
How do environmental conditions impact competition? - Answer- Environmental
conditions can determine which species is better able to compete if the conditions
differentially affect the two species
What is niche partitioning? - Answer- When species use resources or habitats in
different ways, reducing direct competition and facilitating coexistence
What is an ectoparasite? - Answer- A parasite that lives on the outside of its host
Which of the options is a disadvantage of endoparasitism? - Answer- More vulnerable to
immune system
Which is a type of a defense that plants have against parasitism? - Answer- Production
of anti-bacterial and anti-fungal chemicals
How can pathogen spread be controlled? - Answer- All of the above
Parasites interact with their hosts, but can they influence other species interactions? -
Answer- Yes
What is a parasite? - Answer- A species that lives in close proximity with its prey and
feeds on its body tissue without killing it instantly
What is the main takeaway from this figure? - Answer- Symbionts increase aphid
survival in the face of parasitism
What causes population cycles in nature? - Answer- All of the above: (Predators , food
scarcity, parasites)
Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed
Answers Guaranteed Pass!!Current
Update
What's the difference between obligate and facultative mutualism? - Answer- Obligate
mutualisms are when the two species must engage in the interaction to
survive/reproduce; facultative mutualisms are when the species do not need to engage
in the interaction to survive and reproduce
What benefit do mycorrhizal fungi provide to plants? - Answer- Nutrients and water from
the soil
How does a commensalism differ from a mutualism? - Answer- In a commensalism, one
species benefits but the other is not affected
When do mutualists engage in their interaction? - Answer- When the costs of the
mutualism are outweighed by the benefits
What is cheating in the context of mutualisms? - Answer- When one partner in the
interaction obtains the benefit without fulfilling their role in the mutualism
Which of the below taxa are engaged in a mutualism with plants? - Answer- All of the
listed taxa have mutualisms with plants
What is does the fig wasp gain in its mutualism with figs? - Answer- A safe, nutritious
place to lay eggs
What is the key takeaway from this figure on the Yucca mutualism with yucca moths? -
Answer- When yucca moths lay too many eggs, the Yucca plant aborts those ovaries to
prevent cheating in the mutualism
What is symbiosis? - Answer- When two species engaged in a mutualistic interaction
live their lives in close proximity
What best explains why removing elephants ultimately leads to increased mortality of
acacia trees? - Answer- Elephant removal reduced herbivory pressure, leading Acacia
to decrease investment in ant mutualists, which allows harmful organisms to colonize
What factors comprise a species' niche? - Answer- All listed options comprise the niche
(habitat,food,effects on other species)
, What is the key determinant of whether competition actually occurs or not? - Answer-
Resource availability
What is character displacement? - Answer- The divergence of two species' morphology
when they cooccur compared to when they occur alone
Can competition occur within a species? - Answer- Yes, this is density-dependence
What is added to the logistic growth equation to include interspecific competition? -
Answer- The population size of the competitor and its effect on the focal species
Is the outcome of competition typically even? - Answer- No, one species tends to be the
dominant competitor
Which is larger, the fundamental or realized niche? - Answer- Fundamental
How do environmental conditions impact competition? - Answer- Environmental
conditions can determine which species is better able to compete if the conditions
differentially affect the two species
What is niche partitioning? - Answer- When species use resources or habitats in
different ways, reducing direct competition and facilitating coexistence
What is an ectoparasite? - Answer- A parasite that lives on the outside of its host
Which of the options is a disadvantage of endoparasitism? - Answer- More vulnerable to
immune system
Which is a type of a defense that plants have against parasitism? - Answer- Production
of anti-bacterial and anti-fungal chemicals
How can pathogen spread be controlled? - Answer- All of the above
Parasites interact with their hosts, but can they influence other species interactions? -
Answer- Yes
What is a parasite? - Answer- A species that lives in close proximity with its prey and
feeds on its body tissue without killing it instantly
What is the main takeaway from this figure? - Answer- Symbionts increase aphid
survival in the face of parasitism
What causes population cycles in nature? - Answer- All of the above: (Predators , food
scarcity, parasites)
