BIO 148 Unit 1 Exam Solved Questions With Revised Correct Detailed Answers BRAND NEW VERSION!!

BIO 148 Unit 1 Exam Solved Questions With Revised Correct Detailed Answers BRAND NEW VERSION!! All organisms breathe. True False - Answer- False What is a feature that is found in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes? DNA nucleus - Answer- nucleus Living things must be made up of many cells True False - Answer- False All cells are the same size and shape True False - Answer- False Tardigrades, also called water bears, are microscopic segmented animals with eight legs. They are normally about 70 percent body water, but they can survive extreme dehydration (to just a few percent body water) for up to 10 years! After a decade you can add water and the tardigrades will start swimming around. You enter a lab and your new boss gives you five dehydrated tardigrades and asks you to demonstrate that the tardigrades are alive in their dehydrated state. How would you demonstrate this? None of the options listed demonstrate that the dehydrated tardigrades are alive Record their energy use, because all living organisms acquire and use energy. Record their movement, because movement is characteristic of all life. Record their temperature, because all living organisms maintain body temperatures different from their environment - Answer- Record their energy use, because all living organisms acquire and use energy. Who is most likely to have the highest fitness? A cow who has triplets but does not survive the birth to care for her three calves A cow that has one calf that is healthy until reproductive age A cow that had twins but does not have enough milk to feed both calves (so the two calves are undernourished) A cow who has one calf that dies after 3 days - Answer- A cow that has one calf that is healthy until reproductive age Which of the following is TRUE about all living things? All living things require oxygen. None of these is true about all living things All living things are made of cell(s) with a nucleus All living things breathe. - Answer- None of these is true about all living things All prokaryotic cells have a cell membrane. True No answer text provided. False No answer text provided. - Answer- True Heritable variation is necessary for natural selection to occur. True False - Answer- True In biology, "fitness" is defined as the relative ability of an individual to survive long enough to produce surviving offspring (pass on its genes) in a given environment relative to others of the same species. According to this definition, which of the following is the most fit? *Surviving = survives until reproductive age A beetle who reproduces twice, has 5 surviving offspring, and lives to old age A beetle who reproduces once, has 10 surviving offspring, then dies A beetle who reproduces three times, lives a long life and has 9 offspring. - Answer- A beetle who reproduces once, has 10 surviving offspring, then dies Ribosomes are platforms for making RNA proteins DNA - Answer- proteins Which of the following is a characteristic shared by all living things? (Choose the most complete answer.) They are composed of one or more cells, they contain ribosomes AND they use proteins as their genetic material. They are composed of one or more cells. They use proteins as their genetic material. They contain ribosomes They are composed of one or more cells AND they contain ribosomes - Answer- They are composed of one or more cells AND they contain ribosomes A population is a group of individuals of the same species. According to the theory of natural selection, what is likely to happen to a population when a change occurs in its environment (for example, the amount of rainfall decreases or the temperature increases)? All of the individuals would try to develop new traits so that they could survive and reproduce in the changed environment. Because all individuals of the same species have the same traits, one individual would never have an advantage over another in its population. They would either all survive or all die. Some of the individuals would try to develop new traits so that they could survive and reproduce, and the other individuals would die. The individuals that have traits better suited to the changed environment would be more likely to survive and reproduce than those with less suitable traits. - Answer- The individuals that have traits better suited to the changed environment would be more likely to survive and reproduce than those with less suitable traits Which of the following is TRUE? A trait can be an adaptation regardless of its effect on fitness Adaptation to the environment does not require heritable traits Adaptations can either increase or decrease fitness in a given environment Individuals with adaptations have higher fitness than those without the adaptation - Answer- Individuals with adaptations have higher fitness than those without the adaptation In which of the following situations is evolution by natural selection most likely to occur? A population of island birds that possesses no genetic variation A population of howler monkey in which all members produce the same number of offspring A population of snails with unlimited resources and no predators A population of mountain gorillas in which individuals with genes for long hair survive the cold better - Answer- A population of mountain gorillas in which individuals with genes for long hair survive the cold better What statement is TRUE about cells on Earth today? All cells contain a nucleus. All cells have organelles All cells come from pre-existing cells. All living things are made up of many cells. - Answer- All cells come from pre-existing cells. An organism belonging to the Domain Eukarya.... (Choose the most complete answer.) lacks a nucleus uses the same type of genetic material as a member of the Domain Archaea lacks a nucleus AND uses the same type of genetic material as a member of the Domain Archaea possess membrane bound organelles possess membrane bound organelles AND uses the same type of genetic material as a member of the Domain Archaea - Answer- possess membrane bound organelles AND uses the same type of genetic material as a member of the Domain Archaea What does it mean to say that a characteristic of an individual organism is heritable? The characteristic can be passed on to offspring The characteristic does not evolve The characteristic does not vary among individuals in a population The characteristic is advantageous to the organism - Answer- The characteristic can be passed on to offspring A moth learns to visit nectar-filled white flowers, and the good food source allows it to lay more eggs and have more surviving offspring than other moths in the area. Which of the following can you conclude? This moth has evolved. This moth has high fitness This moth has white coloration The ability to find nectar-filled flowers is heritable - Answer- This moth has high fitness The variation natural selection operates on is due to random mutations. What does this imply about natural selection? Natural selection will operate randomly on some mutations and non-randomly on other mutations. Natural selection is a directed (non-random) process—the likelihood one variant will be favored in a given environment over another is predictable, even if the origin of the variation is not. Natural selection is also a random process. Natural selection is a directed process based on the desires of the individuals in the population. - Answer- Natural selection is a directed (non-random) process—the likelihood one variant will be favored in a given environment over another is predictable, even if the origin of the variation is not. Refer to the following description of moths shown in the image. Based on this information, which of the following would be predicted if trees became covered in soot, which makes tree bark darker in color? birds become more prevalent than moths lighter color moths increase in frequency darker colored moths increase in frequency no change in the moth population - Answer- darker colored moths increase in frequency