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BIO 148 -part 1 Exam 2 Questions With 100% Correct Answers Verified A+ Pass

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BIO 148 -part 1 Exam 2 Questions With 100% Correct Answers Verified A+ Pass What does "semi-conservative replication" mean? - Answer- Each new DNA molecule contains one old +one new strand. In what direction is DNA synthesized? - Answer- 5' to 3' What enzyme unwinds DNA? - Answer- Helicase What enzyme bulids new DNA - Answer- DNA polymerase What is a chromosome? - Answer- One DNA molecule What is an unreplicated chromosome? - Answer- One DNA molecule, one chromatid What is a replicated chromosome? - Answer- One chromosome made of two sister chromatids What are sister chromatids? - Answer- Identical DNA copies attached at the centromere What happens in G1? - Answer- Cell grows; organelles/proteins duplicated What happens in S phase? - Answer- DNA replication - chromosomes become replicated What happens in G2? - Answer- DNA checked for errors; mitosis prep If a cell has 16 chromosomes in G1, how many DNA molecules are there? - Answer- 16 because replication hasn't happened yet If a cell has 16 chromosomes after S phase, how many DNA molecules are there? - Answer- 32 DNA molecules, 16 chromosomes, 16 sister chromatid pairs. What happens to chromosome number in anaphase - Answer- Sister chromatids separate - chromosome number doubles What happens in prophase? - Answer- Chromosomes condense; nuclear membrane disappears What happens in metaphase? - Answer- Chromosomes line up; spindle attaches What happens in anaphase? - Answer- sister chromatids separate - now individual chromosomes What happens in telophase? - Answer- New nuclei form What happens in cytokinesis? - Answer- Cell split into two identical daughter cells What is the central dogma? - Answer- DNA- RNA- Protein Why do different cells express different genes? - Answer- They have different activators that bind to switches Where does transcription occur? - Answer- Nucleus What binds the promotor? - Answer- General transcription factors What binds switches? - Answer- Activators (cell type specific) Template strand is read in what direction? - Answer- 3' - 5' RNA is synthesized in what direction? - Answer- 5' - 3' What are the three major RNA processing steps? - Answer- 5' cap, poly(A) tail, splicing What are introns? - Answer- Noncoding sequences removed What are exons? - Answer- coding sequences kept

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BIO 148 -part 1 Exam 2 Questions With
100% Correct Answers Verified A+
Pass
What does "semi-conservative replication" mean? - Answer- Each new DNA molecule
contains one old +one new strand.

In what direction is DNA synthesized? - Answer- 5' to 3'

What enzyme unwinds DNA? - Answer- Helicase

What enzyme bulids new DNA - Answer- DNA polymerase

What is a chromosome? - Answer- One DNA molecule

What is an unreplicated chromosome? - Answer- One DNA molecule, one chromatid

What is a replicated chromosome? - Answer- One chromosome made of two sister
chromatids

What are sister chromatids? - Answer- Identical DNA copies attached at the centromere

What happens in G1? - Answer- Cell grows; organelles/proteins duplicated

What happens in S phase? - Answer- DNA replication -> chromosomes become
replicated

What happens in G2? - Answer- DNA checked for errors; mitosis prep

If a cell has 16 chromosomes in G1, how many DNA molecules are there? - Answer- 16
because replication hasn't happened yet

If a cell has 16 chromosomes after S phase, how many DNA molecules are there? -
Answer- 32 DNA molecules, 16 chromosomes, 16 sister chromatid pairs.

What happens to chromosome number in anaphase - Answer- Sister chromatids
separate -> chromosome number doubles

What happens in prophase? - Answer- Chromosomes condense; nuclear membrane
disappears

What happens in metaphase? - Answer- Chromosomes line up; spindle attaches

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