Network and Security Foundations WGU D315 OA Exam
Actual Exam | Accurate Questions Correct Verified
Answers – Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
Section 1: Networking Fundamentals, OSI Model & TCP/IP Model
Q1. In the OSI seven-layer model, which layer is responsible for establishing, managing,
and terminating sessions between applications?
A. The Transport layer
B. The Presentation layer
C. The Session layer [CORRECT]
D. The Network layer
Rationale: The best answer is the Session layer. Layer 5 handles dialog control,
synchronization, and the setup and teardown of communication sessions between
presenting entities.
Correct Answer: C
Q2. Which OSI layer is primarily responsible for data translation, encryption, and
compression before data is passed to the application layer?
A. The Session layer
B. The Presentation layer [CORRECT]
,C. The Data Link layer
D. The Transport layer
Rationale: The best answer is the Presentation layer. Layer 6 acts as the network's
translator, handling syntax, data format conversion, encryption/decryption, and
compression so the application layer receives usable information.
Correct Answer: C
Q3. As data moves down the OSI model from the Application layer toward the Physical
layer, which term describes the process of adding header information at each layer?
A. Decapsulation
B. Encapsulation [CORRECT]
C. Segmentation
D. Routing
Rationale: The best answer is encapsulation. Each layer adds its own protocol data unit
header as the data travels down the stack, transforming it from data to segments,
packets, frames, and finally bits for transmission.
Correct Answer: C
Q4. At which OSI layer does a router primarily operate when making forwarding
decisions based on logical IP addresses?
A. Layer 2
B. Layer 3 [CORRECT]
,C. Layer 4
D. Layer 7
Rationale: The best answer is Layer 3. Routers operate at the Network layer, using IP
addresses and routing tables to forward packets between different networks and
determine the best path.
Correct Answer: C
Q5. Which TCP/IP model layer maps most closely to the OSI model's Physical and Data
Link layers combined?
A. The Internet layer
B. The Transport layer
C. The Network Access layer [CORRECT]
D. The Application layer
Rationale: The best answer is the Network Access layer. The TCP/IP model collapses
the OSI Physical and Data Link layers into a single Network Access or Interface layer
that handles physical transmission and MAC addressing.
Correct Answer: C
Q6. During the TCP three-way handshake, which sequence of flags is exchanged to
establish a connection?
A. ACK, SYN, FIN
B. SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK [CORRECT]
, C. SYN, ACK, SYN
D. FIN, ACK, SYN
Rationale: The best answer is SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK. The initiating host sends a SYN, the
receiving host responds with a SYN-ACK, and the initiator completes the handshake
with an ACK to establish a reliable connection.
Correct Answer: C
Q7. Compared to TCP, which characteristic best describes UDP?
A. Guaranteed delivery with sequence numbers and acknowledgments
B. Connection-oriented with a three-way handshake
C. Connectionless, best-effort delivery with low overhead [CORRECT]
D. Flow control and congestion control mechanisms
Rationale: The best answer is connectionless, best-effort delivery with low overhead.
UDP does not establish a connection, does not guarantee delivery, and has minimal
header overhead, making it ideal for real-time applications like VoIP and streaming.
Correct Answer: C
Q8. Which network type typically spans a single building or campus and is owned and
operated by a single organization?
A. WAN
B. MAN
Actual Exam | Accurate Questions Correct Verified
Answers – Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
Section 1: Networking Fundamentals, OSI Model & TCP/IP Model
Q1. In the OSI seven-layer model, which layer is responsible for establishing, managing,
and terminating sessions between applications?
A. The Transport layer
B. The Presentation layer
C. The Session layer [CORRECT]
D. The Network layer
Rationale: The best answer is the Session layer. Layer 5 handles dialog control,
synchronization, and the setup and teardown of communication sessions between
presenting entities.
Correct Answer: C
Q2. Which OSI layer is primarily responsible for data translation, encryption, and
compression before data is passed to the application layer?
A. The Session layer
B. The Presentation layer [CORRECT]
,C. The Data Link layer
D. The Transport layer
Rationale: The best answer is the Presentation layer. Layer 6 acts as the network's
translator, handling syntax, data format conversion, encryption/decryption, and
compression so the application layer receives usable information.
Correct Answer: C
Q3. As data moves down the OSI model from the Application layer toward the Physical
layer, which term describes the process of adding header information at each layer?
A. Decapsulation
B. Encapsulation [CORRECT]
C. Segmentation
D. Routing
Rationale: The best answer is encapsulation. Each layer adds its own protocol data unit
header as the data travels down the stack, transforming it from data to segments,
packets, frames, and finally bits for transmission.
Correct Answer: C
Q4. At which OSI layer does a router primarily operate when making forwarding
decisions based on logical IP addresses?
A. Layer 2
B. Layer 3 [CORRECT]
,C. Layer 4
D. Layer 7
Rationale: The best answer is Layer 3. Routers operate at the Network layer, using IP
addresses and routing tables to forward packets between different networks and
determine the best path.
Correct Answer: C
Q5. Which TCP/IP model layer maps most closely to the OSI model's Physical and Data
Link layers combined?
A. The Internet layer
B. The Transport layer
C. The Network Access layer [CORRECT]
D. The Application layer
Rationale: The best answer is the Network Access layer. The TCP/IP model collapses
the OSI Physical and Data Link layers into a single Network Access or Interface layer
that handles physical transmission and MAC addressing.
Correct Answer: C
Q6. During the TCP three-way handshake, which sequence of flags is exchanged to
establish a connection?
A. ACK, SYN, FIN
B. SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK [CORRECT]
, C. SYN, ACK, SYN
D. FIN, ACK, SYN
Rationale: The best answer is SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK. The initiating host sends a SYN, the
receiving host responds with a SYN-ACK, and the initiator completes the handshake
with an ACK to establish a reliable connection.
Correct Answer: C
Q7. Compared to TCP, which characteristic best describes UDP?
A. Guaranteed delivery with sequence numbers and acknowledgments
B. Connection-oriented with a three-way handshake
C. Connectionless, best-effort delivery with low overhead [CORRECT]
D. Flow control and congestion control mechanisms
Rationale: The best answer is connectionless, best-effort delivery with low overhead.
UDP does not establish a connection, does not guarantee delivery, and has minimal
header overhead, making it ideal for real-time applications like VoIP and streaming.
Correct Answer: C
Q8. Which network type typically spans a single building or campus and is owned and
operated by a single organization?
A. WAN
B. MAN
