BSC 108 Exam 4 Questions and Answers (2026) |
Comprehensive Review with Detailed
Rationales | A+ Verified
• Darwin's publication -✓✓On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
-evolve
-natural selection
• Darwin's ship -✓✓HMS Beagle
• The islands where Darwin observed finches and giant tortoises are the __________
Islands. -✓✓Galapagos
• basic idea of natural selection -✓✓organisms can change over generations and
individuals with certain heritable traits leave more offspring than others
• result of natural selection -✓✓evolutionary adaptation
• Darwin's observations of natural selection -✓✓overproduction
individual variation
• Unequal reproductive success -✓✓individuals with heritable traits best suited to the
environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than less well-suited individuals
• homologous structures -✓✓Structures in different species that are similar because of
common ancestry.
ex) tails, arms/wings
• biogeography -✓✓Study of past and present distribution of organisms
, • comparative anatomy -✓✓The comparison of body structures and how they vary
among species
• comparative embryology -✓✓the study of the similarities and differences in the
embryos of different species
• fossil -✓✓A trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock
• Where are fossils found? -✓✓where sedimentary rocks of the right age are exposed,
such as river valleys, cliffs and hillsides, and human-made exposures such as quarries
and road cuttings
• What type of scientist studies fossils? -✓✓Paleontologist
• 3 examples of natural selection -✓✓pesticide resistance in insects
development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
drug resistant strains of HIV
• mutation -✓✓A change in a gene or chromosome.
• sexual recombination -✓✓Crossing over and shuffling of genes during meiosis.
• directional selection -✓✓occurs when natural selection favors one of the extreme
variations of a trait
• directional selection phenotypic graph -✓✓
• disruptive selection -✓✓favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range
Comprehensive Review with Detailed
Rationales | A+ Verified
• Darwin's publication -✓✓On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
-evolve
-natural selection
• Darwin's ship -✓✓HMS Beagle
• The islands where Darwin observed finches and giant tortoises are the __________
Islands. -✓✓Galapagos
• basic idea of natural selection -✓✓organisms can change over generations and
individuals with certain heritable traits leave more offspring than others
• result of natural selection -✓✓evolutionary adaptation
• Darwin's observations of natural selection -✓✓overproduction
individual variation
• Unequal reproductive success -✓✓individuals with heritable traits best suited to the
environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than less well-suited individuals
• homologous structures -✓✓Structures in different species that are similar because of
common ancestry.
ex) tails, arms/wings
• biogeography -✓✓Study of past and present distribution of organisms
, • comparative anatomy -✓✓The comparison of body structures and how they vary
among species
• comparative embryology -✓✓the study of the similarities and differences in the
embryos of different species
• fossil -✓✓A trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock
• Where are fossils found? -✓✓where sedimentary rocks of the right age are exposed,
such as river valleys, cliffs and hillsides, and human-made exposures such as quarries
and road cuttings
• What type of scientist studies fossils? -✓✓Paleontologist
• 3 examples of natural selection -✓✓pesticide resistance in insects
development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
drug resistant strains of HIV
• mutation -✓✓A change in a gene or chromosome.
• sexual recombination -✓✓Crossing over and shuffling of genes during meiosis.
• directional selection -✓✓occurs when natural selection favors one of the extreme
variations of a trait
• directional selection phenotypic graph -✓✓
• disruptive selection -✓✓favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range
