PKSC 1020 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE
Three Basic Forms - Answers - rigid, semi-rigid, flexible
Rigid - Answers - - has a defined shape
- cannot be deformed except by imposing a relatively massive force
- deformation will result in breakage or other permanent damage
- ex. glass bottle (glass can only be rigid)
Semi-Rigid - Answers - Has defined shape
• Can be deformed with moderate force
• When force is removed, it returns to original shape
• Ex. Plastic squeeze bottle
Flexible - Answers - - takes on the shape of the product
- can be distorted with ease
- when distorting force is removed it does not return to original shape
- ex. candy bar wrapper or potato chip bag
Continuum - Answers - rigid - semi rigid - flexible (distinction not always clear)
Rigid Containers - Paperboard - Answers - corrugated, spiral and convolute cans, set
up boxes
Rigid Containers - Metal - Answers - cans
Rigid Containers - Plastic - Answers - injection molded and some thermoformed,
depends on plastic used
Closures - Answers - metal crown (soda, beer tab), plastic bottle cap
Closures (Metal) - Answers - Threaded (CT Closure-continuous), lug style (rotate it and
it clamps on - interrupted thread), roll on, crown, friction fit/pry off
Closures (plastic) - Answers - some thermoset, mostly thermoplastic (PE or PP)
induction seal - Answers - - not really a closure but its part of the seal
- foil lined inner seal is a flexible form and is still rigid
Closures - Types and Uses - Answers - - Plug (cork): wine, liquor
- Crown: beer, soft drinks
- Continuous Thread: beer, soft drinks
- Roll on: beer, soft drinks
- Lug/Interrupted Thread: jams and jellies
- Press on: baby food
, Other Types of Closures - Answers - child resistant, tamper evident, decorative or
product identity, dispenser or pump style
Semi Rigid Package Forms (Paperboard) - Answers - folding cartons, backing for blister
packages, pulp egg cartons, and berry boxes
Semi Rigid Package Forms (Plastics) - Answers - Extrusion blow molded containers,
injection blow molded containers, injection stretch blow molded containers,
thermoformed containers
Semi Rigid Package Forms (Metal) - Answers - aluminum foil containers
Flexible (Paper) - Answers - labels, bags
Flexible (plastic) - Answers - cast and blown film
Flexible (metal) - Answers - foil laminates and metallized films
Flexible laminates - Answers - - includes paper, plastics, foil and metallized
- purpose is to combine best properties into a single structure at lowest cost
flexible laminated films properties - Answers - - structural - stiffness, strength
- barrier - moisture, gases, light
- aesthetic - metallic, clarity, feel
- cost, best performance at minimum cost
- sealing - heat seal, cold seal, reseal
Flexible laminated films performance properties - Answers - - machinability
- coefficient of friction (COF) - want less energy
- body and dead-fold properties
- tear
- thermoforming
- use environment - boil-in-bag, microwave, frozen
body fold - Answers - chip bags that don't stay folded
dead fold - Answers - folding foil and it stays how you fold. Aluminum can do this,
plastics don't have dead fold properties.
- when you fold it it won't unfold, it stays dead
Permeability - Answers - volume of gas or water through specific thickness and surface
area of film over one day at standardized humidity and temperature
thicker film - Answers - less permeable
Three Basic Forms - Answers - rigid, semi-rigid, flexible
Rigid - Answers - - has a defined shape
- cannot be deformed except by imposing a relatively massive force
- deformation will result in breakage or other permanent damage
- ex. glass bottle (glass can only be rigid)
Semi-Rigid - Answers - Has defined shape
• Can be deformed with moderate force
• When force is removed, it returns to original shape
• Ex. Plastic squeeze bottle
Flexible - Answers - - takes on the shape of the product
- can be distorted with ease
- when distorting force is removed it does not return to original shape
- ex. candy bar wrapper or potato chip bag
Continuum - Answers - rigid - semi rigid - flexible (distinction not always clear)
Rigid Containers - Paperboard - Answers - corrugated, spiral and convolute cans, set
up boxes
Rigid Containers - Metal - Answers - cans
Rigid Containers - Plastic - Answers - injection molded and some thermoformed,
depends on plastic used
Closures - Answers - metal crown (soda, beer tab), plastic bottle cap
Closures (Metal) - Answers - Threaded (CT Closure-continuous), lug style (rotate it and
it clamps on - interrupted thread), roll on, crown, friction fit/pry off
Closures (plastic) - Answers - some thermoset, mostly thermoplastic (PE or PP)
induction seal - Answers - - not really a closure but its part of the seal
- foil lined inner seal is a flexible form and is still rigid
Closures - Types and Uses - Answers - - Plug (cork): wine, liquor
- Crown: beer, soft drinks
- Continuous Thread: beer, soft drinks
- Roll on: beer, soft drinks
- Lug/Interrupted Thread: jams and jellies
- Press on: baby food
, Other Types of Closures - Answers - child resistant, tamper evident, decorative or
product identity, dispenser or pump style
Semi Rigid Package Forms (Paperboard) - Answers - folding cartons, backing for blister
packages, pulp egg cartons, and berry boxes
Semi Rigid Package Forms (Plastics) - Answers - Extrusion blow molded containers,
injection blow molded containers, injection stretch blow molded containers,
thermoformed containers
Semi Rigid Package Forms (Metal) - Answers - aluminum foil containers
Flexible (Paper) - Answers - labels, bags
Flexible (plastic) - Answers - cast and blown film
Flexible (metal) - Answers - foil laminates and metallized films
Flexible laminates - Answers - - includes paper, plastics, foil and metallized
- purpose is to combine best properties into a single structure at lowest cost
flexible laminated films properties - Answers - - structural - stiffness, strength
- barrier - moisture, gases, light
- aesthetic - metallic, clarity, feel
- cost, best performance at minimum cost
- sealing - heat seal, cold seal, reseal
Flexible laminated films performance properties - Answers - - machinability
- coefficient of friction (COF) - want less energy
- body and dead-fold properties
- tear
- thermoforming
- use environment - boil-in-bag, microwave, frozen
body fold - Answers - chip bags that don't stay folded
dead fold - Answers - folding foil and it stays how you fold. Aluminum can do this,
plastics don't have dead fold properties.
- when you fold it it won't unfold, it stays dead
Permeability - Answers - volume of gas or water through specific thickness and surface
area of film over one day at standardized humidity and temperature
thicker film - Answers - less permeable
