COMD 4153 FINAL EXAM | COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 LATEST
UPDATED| 100% RATED CORRECT | GET A+!!
1. Largely due to the presence of an what is the reason for sibilant vs.
nonsibilant differobstacle (teeth) in the path of the ences?
airstream emerging from the
derivative constriction
2. •Minimal influence from the sur- what are the benefits of hVd context?
rounding phonetic context
•Little or no coarticulatory effects
•Isolated, sustained vowels:
resulted in singing-like
productions •/h/: minimal
influence on vowel
3. So surrounding sounds don't affect Why are you extracting F1 and F2 at
the midpoint and
the formant pattern in hVd context?
what is a "slice-in-time" at a given
4. the target location of the vowel
point of time?
the "slice-in-time" occurs at the
5. temporal midpoint
_______ of the vowel
6. the state of the vowel is steady why do we measure at the
temporal midpoint of a vowel?
7. hVd when you have /ə/ before hVd to
control prosodic patterns of
disyllable, the stress is on ______
,8. how a single vowel can be what does this image show?
associated with a wide range of F1-
F2 values
•/d/: provide "natural" ending
9. was Despite the wide variation across speakers in formant
frequencies for a given vowel, the vowel intended by a
speaker was/was not almost always
perceived correctly by listeners
10. great question... i get it but to actu- How do listeners hear the same
vowel category even ally explain it in words? couldn't tell when
confronted with a wide variety of formant patya terns?
11. true t/f: FF is not sufficient for an identification of an intend-
ed vowel category
12. the identity of the speaker (e.g., at least ______ must be known to link a
specific formant age, sex, dialect etc) pattern to a vowel category
13. Corner vowels (/i, u, æ. ɑ/) __________ define the limits of the vowel
articulation
14. true t/f: the acoustic vowel space is larger for young children
,15. speech motor integrity the acoustic vowel space (VS) for corner vowels
is an index of ____________
16. proxy the vowel acoustic area serves as a ____ for articulatory
behavior
17. smaller people with dysarthria have a larger/smaller vowel
acoustic space
18. larger a smaller/larger vowel space reflects greater articulatory
distinctions between the corner vowels.
19. size of the vowel space and speech the acoustic vowel space shows a
correlation between intelligibility/ perceptual measures ________________
of articulatory precision
20.
articulatory mobility and speech the size of the vowel space may be an
index of
motor control __________
21. more speakers with motor speech disorders with a larg-
er vowel space reflect less/more
articulatory flexibility compared to
those with a smaller vowel space
22. larger a smaller/larger vowel space results in an increase in
acoustic difference between closely
related vowels (/i/ vs. /ɪ/; /i/ vs. /u/)
23. larger an increase in acoustic contrast for vowels are more
, sharply defined within a _____ vowel space
24. an important, independent com- what does a smaller vowel space area
indicate?
ponent of a speech intelligibility
deficit.
25. 1.Similar speech sounds in two or what is comparative acoustic
phonetics?
more different languages
2.The effect of native language
phonetics (L1) on the second
language (L2) (accent
modification/reduction)
26. false - DOES NOT t/f: use the same phonetic symbol means the sound
this is the reason for foreign ac- has the same acoustic characteristics in
different lancents by speakers of a second lan- guages guage
27. gender, dialect, language, age across-speaker variability refers to
__________
28. within-speaker variability refers to ____________ speaking rate, syllable
stress, speaking style, and phonetic context
29. vowels in /hVd/ context null context vowels are ___________
30. when there is not enough time for when do within and across speaker
variability occur?
an articulators to reach the
"target"
UPDATED| 100% RATED CORRECT | GET A+!!
1. Largely due to the presence of an what is the reason for sibilant vs.
nonsibilant differobstacle (teeth) in the path of the ences?
airstream emerging from the
derivative constriction
2. •Minimal influence from the sur- what are the benefits of hVd context?
rounding phonetic context
•Little or no coarticulatory effects
•Isolated, sustained vowels:
resulted in singing-like
productions •/h/: minimal
influence on vowel
3. So surrounding sounds don't affect Why are you extracting F1 and F2 at
the midpoint and
the formant pattern in hVd context?
what is a "slice-in-time" at a given
4. the target location of the vowel
point of time?
the "slice-in-time" occurs at the
5. temporal midpoint
_______ of the vowel
6. the state of the vowel is steady why do we measure at the
temporal midpoint of a vowel?
7. hVd when you have /ə/ before hVd to
control prosodic patterns of
disyllable, the stress is on ______
,8. how a single vowel can be what does this image show?
associated with a wide range of F1-
F2 values
•/d/: provide "natural" ending
9. was Despite the wide variation across speakers in formant
frequencies for a given vowel, the vowel intended by a
speaker was/was not almost always
perceived correctly by listeners
10. great question... i get it but to actu- How do listeners hear the same
vowel category even ally explain it in words? couldn't tell when
confronted with a wide variety of formant patya terns?
11. true t/f: FF is not sufficient for an identification of an intend-
ed vowel category
12. the identity of the speaker (e.g., at least ______ must be known to link a
specific formant age, sex, dialect etc) pattern to a vowel category
13. Corner vowels (/i, u, æ. ɑ/) __________ define the limits of the vowel
articulation
14. true t/f: the acoustic vowel space is larger for young children
,15. speech motor integrity the acoustic vowel space (VS) for corner vowels
is an index of ____________
16. proxy the vowel acoustic area serves as a ____ for articulatory
behavior
17. smaller people with dysarthria have a larger/smaller vowel
acoustic space
18. larger a smaller/larger vowel space reflects greater articulatory
distinctions between the corner vowels.
19. size of the vowel space and speech the acoustic vowel space shows a
correlation between intelligibility/ perceptual measures ________________
of articulatory precision
20.
articulatory mobility and speech the size of the vowel space may be an
index of
motor control __________
21. more speakers with motor speech disorders with a larg-
er vowel space reflect less/more
articulatory flexibility compared to
those with a smaller vowel space
22. larger a smaller/larger vowel space results in an increase in
acoustic difference between closely
related vowels (/i/ vs. /ɪ/; /i/ vs. /u/)
23. larger an increase in acoustic contrast for vowels are more
, sharply defined within a _____ vowel space
24. an important, independent com- what does a smaller vowel space area
indicate?
ponent of a speech intelligibility
deficit.
25. 1.Similar speech sounds in two or what is comparative acoustic
phonetics?
more different languages
2.The effect of native language
phonetics (L1) on the second
language (L2) (accent
modification/reduction)
26. false - DOES NOT t/f: use the same phonetic symbol means the sound
this is the reason for foreign ac- has the same acoustic characteristics in
different lancents by speakers of a second lan- guages guage
27. gender, dialect, language, age across-speaker variability refers to
__________
28. within-speaker variability refers to ____________ speaking rate, syllable
stress, speaking style, and phonetic context
29. vowels in /hVd/ context null context vowels are ___________
30. when there is not enough time for when do within and across speaker
variability occur?
an articulators to reach the
"target"
