COMD 4153 FINAL EXAM | COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 LATEST
UPDATED| 100% RATED CORRECT | GET A+!!
What two domains determines the source of the source-filter theory? - (Answer)time-domain
(waveform) and frequency-domain (glottal source spectrum)
Fourier Analysis - (Answer)-a type of mathematical approach that decomposes a complex time
domain function into the set of its simple functions
-implemented in almost every speech analysis computer program
What determines the frequency of the source spectrum? - (Answer)rate of vibration of the vocal folds
Filter function - (Answer)-vocal tract configuration typically involves constriction along the path
Vocal tract is the - (Answer)filter
Perturbation theory - (Answer)-any constriction in the VT affects all of the resonant frequencies of
the tube
-a lawful connection between articulatory configuration & VT resonant (formant) frequencies
,Are source and filter dependent or independent of each other? - (Answer)independent
What determines the output spectrum? - (Answer)configuration of the vocal tract
F1 varies inversely with - (Answer)tongue height
F2 increases (and F1 decreases) with increasing - (Answer)tongue advancement
All formant frequencies (major effect on F2) decrease with increasing of - (Answer)lip rounding
Across-speaker variability - (Answer)gender, dialect, language, age, etc
Within-speaker variability - (Answer)speaking rate, syllable stress, speaking style, and phonetic
context
Articulatory undershoot - (Answer)-occurs when there is not enough time for articulators to reach the
"target"
, -used in connective speech
-speaker always aims for the idealized target and misses it in connected speech
Why does articulatory undershoot happen? - (Answer)articulators don't have sufficient time to reach
the target before transitioning to the target for the next sound
Articulatory undershoot occurs because of - (Answer)-phonetic context
-increased speaking rate
-reduced stress
-casual speaking style
-in general, the shorter the vowel duration, the greater the vowel undershoot
Vowel duration: intrinsic factors - (Answer)articulation of the vowel segment itself, CVC frame
Vowel duration: extrinsic factors - (Answer)external factors:
-when surrounded by voiced consonants, consonant voicing occurs
-stressed
-slow rate of speech
UPDATED| 100% RATED CORRECT | GET A+!!
What two domains determines the source of the source-filter theory? - (Answer)time-domain
(waveform) and frequency-domain (glottal source spectrum)
Fourier Analysis - (Answer)-a type of mathematical approach that decomposes a complex time
domain function into the set of its simple functions
-implemented in almost every speech analysis computer program
What determines the frequency of the source spectrum? - (Answer)rate of vibration of the vocal folds
Filter function - (Answer)-vocal tract configuration typically involves constriction along the path
Vocal tract is the - (Answer)filter
Perturbation theory - (Answer)-any constriction in the VT affects all of the resonant frequencies of
the tube
-a lawful connection between articulatory configuration & VT resonant (formant) frequencies
,Are source and filter dependent or independent of each other? - (Answer)independent
What determines the output spectrum? - (Answer)configuration of the vocal tract
F1 varies inversely with - (Answer)tongue height
F2 increases (and F1 decreases) with increasing - (Answer)tongue advancement
All formant frequencies (major effect on F2) decrease with increasing of - (Answer)lip rounding
Across-speaker variability - (Answer)gender, dialect, language, age, etc
Within-speaker variability - (Answer)speaking rate, syllable stress, speaking style, and phonetic
context
Articulatory undershoot - (Answer)-occurs when there is not enough time for articulators to reach the
"target"
, -used in connective speech
-speaker always aims for the idealized target and misses it in connected speech
Why does articulatory undershoot happen? - (Answer)articulators don't have sufficient time to reach
the target before transitioning to the target for the next sound
Articulatory undershoot occurs because of - (Answer)-phonetic context
-increased speaking rate
-reduced stress
-casual speaking style
-in general, the shorter the vowel duration, the greater the vowel undershoot
Vowel duration: intrinsic factors - (Answer)articulation of the vowel segment itself, CVC frame
Vowel duration: extrinsic factors - (Answer)external factors:
-when surrounded by voiced consonants, consonant voicing occurs
-stressed
-slow rate of speech
