BIOLOGY 1201 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
What are membrane structures? - ANS endoplasmic reticulum, cristae, thylakoid, and golgi
Which is the best technique for isolating, collecting, and studying specific organelles on their
own, like nuclei or chloroplasts? - ANS cell fractionation
What have a membrane? - ANS nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondrion, and perixosome
What does not have a membrane? - ANS Ribosomes
What is found in all cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic? - ANS chromosomes
Myosin is a motor protein, it binds to what? - ANS actin
Lipid bilayers: - ANS form spontaneously
to increase fluidity of a membrane: - ANS add some phospholipids containing unsaturated
fatty acids
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,Which of the following is a specific characteristic of active transport? - ANS use of ATP
Which is the most difficult to get across a lipid bilayer by itself? - ANS chloride ion
When cell A recognizes cell B in the body, what is cell A actually recognizing? - ANS it is
recognizing carbohydrates on the membrane proteins on the surface of cell B
If an enzyme is more active at low pH than at high pH, which of the following could explain this?
- ANS the enzyme activity is allosterically enhanced by protons
what do cells do? - ANS Cells increase the entropy of the universe
If a reaction has a negative free energy: - ANS the reaction releases energy, the reaction is
favorable, the reaction is spontaneous, the reaction will proceed on its own without an enzyme
although an enzyme would speed it up
what is induced fit? - ANS when an enzyme closes around a substrate
Which of the following is a way that enzymes speed up reactions - ANS providing a favorable
micro-environment for the reaction to occur, lowering the transition state energy, All of the
answers are ways enzymes speed up reactions, aligning substrates to favor the reaction
The main goal of the extra reactions that turn glycolysis into fermentation are to regenerate
NAD+. Why? - ANS so that glycolysis can keep occurring repeatedly
How many oxygens are used per glucose molecule in glycolysis? - ANS 0
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, How many ATPs are USED per glucose molecule in glycolysis? - ANS 2
How many ATPs are formed in the citric acid cycle for each molecule of glucose that enters
respiration? - ANS 2
ATP synthase makes ATP. What is it's direct energy source? - ANS the proton motive force
Where are photosystems I and II found? - ANS thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast
when sunlight hits chlorophyll, what first happens? - ANS an electron is excited
what is the right order in plants? - ANS PS II, PS I, Calvin Cycle, respiration
Rubisco - ANS an enzyme that attaches carbon from carbon dioxide to a small sugar in the
Calvin cycle
A correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs? - ANS only autotrophs fix carbon
which are surface appendages that allow bacterium to stick to the surface - ANS fimbriae
what is a function of a bacterium's capsule? - ANS protection
the DNA-containing region of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter - ANS D
Where is a bacterial cell's DNA found? - ANS nucleoid region
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ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
What are membrane structures? - ANS endoplasmic reticulum, cristae, thylakoid, and golgi
Which is the best technique for isolating, collecting, and studying specific organelles on their
own, like nuclei or chloroplasts? - ANS cell fractionation
What have a membrane? - ANS nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondrion, and perixosome
What does not have a membrane? - ANS Ribosomes
What is found in all cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic? - ANS chromosomes
Myosin is a motor protein, it binds to what? - ANS actin
Lipid bilayers: - ANS form spontaneously
to increase fluidity of a membrane: - ANS add some phospholipids containing unsaturated
fatty acids
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 17
,Which of the following is a specific characteristic of active transport? - ANS use of ATP
Which is the most difficult to get across a lipid bilayer by itself? - ANS chloride ion
When cell A recognizes cell B in the body, what is cell A actually recognizing? - ANS it is
recognizing carbohydrates on the membrane proteins on the surface of cell B
If an enzyme is more active at low pH than at high pH, which of the following could explain this?
- ANS the enzyme activity is allosterically enhanced by protons
what do cells do? - ANS Cells increase the entropy of the universe
If a reaction has a negative free energy: - ANS the reaction releases energy, the reaction is
favorable, the reaction is spontaneous, the reaction will proceed on its own without an enzyme
although an enzyme would speed it up
what is induced fit? - ANS when an enzyme closes around a substrate
Which of the following is a way that enzymes speed up reactions - ANS providing a favorable
micro-environment for the reaction to occur, lowering the transition state energy, All of the
answers are ways enzymes speed up reactions, aligning substrates to favor the reaction
The main goal of the extra reactions that turn glycolysis into fermentation are to regenerate
NAD+. Why? - ANS so that glycolysis can keep occurring repeatedly
How many oxygens are used per glucose molecule in glycolysis? - ANS 0
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 17
, How many ATPs are USED per glucose molecule in glycolysis? - ANS 2
How many ATPs are formed in the citric acid cycle for each molecule of glucose that enters
respiration? - ANS 2
ATP synthase makes ATP. What is it's direct energy source? - ANS the proton motive force
Where are photosystems I and II found? - ANS thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast
when sunlight hits chlorophyll, what first happens? - ANS an electron is excited
what is the right order in plants? - ANS PS II, PS I, Calvin Cycle, respiration
Rubisco - ANS an enzyme that attaches carbon from carbon dioxide to a small sugar in the
Calvin cycle
A correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs? - ANS only autotrophs fix carbon
which are surface appendages that allow bacterium to stick to the surface - ANS fimbriae
what is a function of a bacterium's capsule? - ANS protection
the DNA-containing region of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter - ANS D
Where is a bacterial cell's DNA found? - ANS nucleoid region
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 17
