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A&P 102 Final Exam Ivy Tech
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Anatomy and Physiology 102 Final E... Final Exam Practice for Anatomy an... A&P II FINAL EXAM STUDY APHY 1
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Who regulates pituitary gland secretion? hypothalamus
What is a hormone and how does it act? Hormones are chemical messengers that are responsible for regulation. They are
secreted into body fluids, mainly blood. It has specific actions on target tissues,
which are any tissue that has specific receptors for that particular hormone.
Compare and contrast glucagon and insulin. Glucagon stimulates the liver to break down glycogen and convert
noncarbohydrates into glucose and it stimulates the breakdown of fats.
Insulin promotes the formation of glycogen from glucose, inhibits conversion of
noncarbohydrates into glucose, and enhances movement of glucose through
adipose and muscle cell membranes, decreasing blood glucose concentration
and promotes transport of amino acids into cells, as well as enhances synthesis of
proteins and fats.
Both work to keep blood glucose concentration constant, but glucagon breaks
down glycogen into glucose and insulin forms glycogen from glucose.
How are pheromones different than hormones? is a chemical signal sent between members of the same species. Are a type of
hormone that are released in small quantities and play a big role in physical
attraction between people.
How is inhibin used in the body? Inhibits the anterior pituitary gland by negative feedback. This action prevents
over secretion of FSH. It is secreted by cells of the testes and ovaries. FSH is
secreted by anterior pituitary gland. It is a glycoprotein hormone.
, Differentiate between paracrine, autocrine, endocrine, Paracrine - hormones enter the interstitial fluid but affect only neighboring cells.
and exocrine glands. Autocrine - hormones affect only the secreting cell.
Endocrine - hormones are secreted from the interstitial fluid into the bloodstream
and act on target cells.
Exocrine - secretions enter tubes or ducts that lead to body surfaces.
Describe steroid hormones. Sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones. Steroid hormones diffuse through
cell membranes and enter cytoplasm or nucleus. Then they combine with a
receptor molecule, which together bind to DNA and promote transcription of
messenger RNA. mRNA enters the cytoplasm and directs protein synthesis. Newly
synthesized proteins produce hormone's specific effects.
Describe tropic hormones. They stimulate the activity of endocrine glands than those secreting them.
Describe normal blood: number of each cell type, pH. Describe normal blood: number of each cell type, pH.
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Blood is about 8% of body weight. Adult blood volume is about 5 L. RBC count is
usually 4,600,000-6,200,000 in males, 4,200,000-5,400,000 in females. WBC are
usually 5,000-10,000 per cubic mm of blood. Platelets are usually 130,000-360,000
per cubic mm of blood. Normal blood pH is around 7.4.
How does the Rh factor affect a developing fetus and its Rh positive - presence of antigen D or other Rh antigens on the RBC membranes.
mother? Rh negative - lack of these antigens
If a mother is Rh negative and her baby is Rh positive, her antibodies form to fight
Rh-positive blood cells. If a mother is Rh positive and her baby is Rh positive, her
antibodies attack the baby's RBC. Complications can lead the baby to develop
erythroblastosis fetalis or hemolytic disease.
What antigens can be found on RBC? What antibodies Type A blood has A antigens on its cell surface and anti-B antibodies in its plasma.
can be found in the plasma? How do these create Type B blood has B antigens on its cell surface and anti-A antibodies in its plasma.
different blood types? Type AB blood has both A and B antigens on its cell surface and no antibodies in
its plasma. (It is the universal recipient).
Type O blood has no antigens on its cell surface, but has both anti-A and anti-B
antibodies in its plasma. (It is the universal donor).
Describe the different leukocytes and their origins. Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Monocytes
Lymphocytes
Compare the formed elements of the blood. RBCs, WBCs, and platelets all act together to maintain life. RBCs transport oxygen
to the body's tissues, WBCs fight infections in the body, and platelets clot wounds
that occur.
A&P 102 Final Exam Ivy Tech
97 studiers today 4.5 (33 reviews)
Save
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides
Anatomy and Physiology 102 Final E... Final Exam Practice for Anatomy an... A&P II FINAL EXAM STUDY APHY 1
167 terms 240 terms 140 terms Teacher
Jennamp13 Preview Kyrie_Sebastianna Preview troyalty86 Preview rea
Terms in this set (205) Hide definitions
Who regulates pituitary gland secretion? hypothalamus
What is a hormone and how does it act? Hormones are chemical messengers that are responsible for regulation. They are
secreted into body fluids, mainly blood. It has specific actions on target tissues,
which are any tissue that has specific receptors for that particular hormone.
Compare and contrast glucagon and insulin. Glucagon stimulates the liver to break down glycogen and convert
noncarbohydrates into glucose and it stimulates the breakdown of fats.
Insulin promotes the formation of glycogen from glucose, inhibits conversion of
noncarbohydrates into glucose, and enhances movement of glucose through
adipose and muscle cell membranes, decreasing blood glucose concentration
and promotes transport of amino acids into cells, as well as enhances synthesis of
proteins and fats.
Both work to keep blood glucose concentration constant, but glucagon breaks
down glycogen into glucose and insulin forms glycogen from glucose.
How are pheromones different than hormones? is a chemical signal sent between members of the same species. Are a type of
hormone that are released in small quantities and play a big role in physical
attraction between people.
How is inhibin used in the body? Inhibits the anterior pituitary gland by negative feedback. This action prevents
over secretion of FSH. It is secreted by cells of the testes and ovaries. FSH is
secreted by anterior pituitary gland. It is a glycoprotein hormone.
, Differentiate between paracrine, autocrine, endocrine, Paracrine - hormones enter the interstitial fluid but affect only neighboring cells.
and exocrine glands. Autocrine - hormones affect only the secreting cell.
Endocrine - hormones are secreted from the interstitial fluid into the bloodstream
and act on target cells.
Exocrine - secretions enter tubes or ducts that lead to body surfaces.
Describe steroid hormones. Sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones. Steroid hormones diffuse through
cell membranes and enter cytoplasm or nucleus. Then they combine with a
receptor molecule, which together bind to DNA and promote transcription of
messenger RNA. mRNA enters the cytoplasm and directs protein synthesis. Newly
synthesized proteins produce hormone's specific effects.
Describe tropic hormones. They stimulate the activity of endocrine glands than those secreting them.
Describe normal blood: number of each cell type, pH. Describe normal blood: number of each cell type, pH.
CLICK THE CARD TO FLIP IT
Blood is about 8% of body weight. Adult blood volume is about 5 L. RBC count is
usually 4,600,000-6,200,000 in males, 4,200,000-5,400,000 in females. WBC are
usually 5,000-10,000 per cubic mm of blood. Platelets are usually 130,000-360,000
per cubic mm of blood. Normal blood pH is around 7.4.
How does the Rh factor affect a developing fetus and its Rh positive - presence of antigen D or other Rh antigens on the RBC membranes.
mother? Rh negative - lack of these antigens
If a mother is Rh negative and her baby is Rh positive, her antibodies form to fight
Rh-positive blood cells. If a mother is Rh positive and her baby is Rh positive, her
antibodies attack the baby's RBC. Complications can lead the baby to develop
erythroblastosis fetalis or hemolytic disease.
What antigens can be found on RBC? What antibodies Type A blood has A antigens on its cell surface and anti-B antibodies in its plasma.
can be found in the plasma? How do these create Type B blood has B antigens on its cell surface and anti-A antibodies in its plasma.
different blood types? Type AB blood has both A and B antigens on its cell surface and no antibodies in
its plasma. (It is the universal recipient).
Type O blood has no antigens on its cell surface, but has both anti-A and anti-B
antibodies in its plasma. (It is the universal donor).
Describe the different leukocytes and their origins. Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Monocytes
Lymphocytes
Compare the formed elements of the blood. RBCs, WBCs, and platelets all act together to maintain life. RBCs transport oxygen
to the body's tissues, WBCs fight infections in the body, and platelets clot wounds
that occur.
