Ivy Tech Community College APHY 102
Anatomy & Physiology 102 Final Exam
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Releasing hormone from the What regulates pituitary gland secretion?
hypothalamus
Hormones are chemical messengers What is a hormone and how does it act?
that are responsible for regulation.
They are secreted into body fluids,
mainly blood. It has specific actions
on target tissues, which are any
tissue that has specific receptors for
that hormone.
,Glucagon stimulates the liver to Compare and contrast glucagon and insulin.
break down glycogen and convert
noncarbohydrates into glucose and
it stimulates the breakdown of fats.
Insulin promotes the formation of
glycogen from glucose, inhibits
conversion of noncarbohydrates into
glucose, and enhances movement of
glucose through adipose and muscle
cell membranes, decreasing blood
glucose concentration and promotes
transport of amino acids into cells, as
well as enhances synthesis of
proteins and fats. Both work to keep
blood glucose concentration
constant, but glucagon breaks down
glycogen into glucose and insulin
forms glycogen from glucose.
Hormones are a chemical signal sent How are pheromones different than hormones?
between members of the same
species. Pheromones are a type of
hormone that are released in small
quantities and play a big role in
physical attraction between people.
,To regulate the reproductive system How is inhibin used in the body?
by inhibiting the production and
secretion of follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH) from the pituitary
gland. It acts as a feedback
mechanism, particularly in the
gonads, to control the rate of sperm
formation (spermatogenesis) in
males and follicle development in
females.
* Paracrine- a secretion that enters Differentiate between paracrine, autocrine,
interstitial fluid but affects only endocrine, and exocrine glands.
neighboring cells
* Autocrine- a secretion that only
affects the secreting cell
* Endocrine- secretes hormones into
the internal environment
* Exocrine- have secretions that
enter tubes or ducts that lead to
body surfaces
The impairment of ADH regulation of How is diabetes insipitus different than diabetes
water balance. Tumors and injury mellitus?
affecting the hypothalamus and
posterior pituitary can cause this. You
are always thirsty and have large
amount of urine output.
, Sex hormones and adrenal cortex Describe steroid hormones.
hormones. Steroid hormones diffuse
through cell membranes and enter
cytoplasm or nucleus. Then they
combine with a receptor molecule,
which together bind to DNA and
promote transcription of messenger
RNA. mRNA enters the cytoplasm
and directs protein synthesis. Newly
synthesized proteins produce
hormone's specific effects. They are
derived from cholesterol. Vitamin D
is a modified steroid
Stimulate other endocrine glands to Describe tropic hormones.
release hormones. The hypothalamus
controls the anterior pituitary glands
release of this type of hormone
Blood is about 8% of body weight. Describe normal blood: number of each cell type,
Adult blood volume is about 5L. RBC pH.
count is usually 4,600,000-6,200,000
in males, 4,200,000-5,400,000 in
females. WBC are usually 5,000-
10,000 per cubic mm of blood.
Platelets are usually 150,000-450,000
per cubic mm of blood. Normal
blood pH is between 7.35-7.45
Anatomy & Physiology 102 Final Exam
Leave the first rating
Save
Terms in this set (311) Hide definitions
Releasing hormone from the What regulates pituitary gland secretion?
hypothalamus
Hormones are chemical messengers What is a hormone and how does it act?
that are responsible for regulation.
They are secreted into body fluids,
mainly blood. It has specific actions
on target tissues, which are any
tissue that has specific receptors for
that hormone.
,Glucagon stimulates the liver to Compare and contrast glucagon and insulin.
break down glycogen and convert
noncarbohydrates into glucose and
it stimulates the breakdown of fats.
Insulin promotes the formation of
glycogen from glucose, inhibits
conversion of noncarbohydrates into
glucose, and enhances movement of
glucose through adipose and muscle
cell membranes, decreasing blood
glucose concentration and promotes
transport of amino acids into cells, as
well as enhances synthesis of
proteins and fats. Both work to keep
blood glucose concentration
constant, but glucagon breaks down
glycogen into glucose and insulin
forms glycogen from glucose.
Hormones are a chemical signal sent How are pheromones different than hormones?
between members of the same
species. Pheromones are a type of
hormone that are released in small
quantities and play a big role in
physical attraction between people.
,To regulate the reproductive system How is inhibin used in the body?
by inhibiting the production and
secretion of follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH) from the pituitary
gland. It acts as a feedback
mechanism, particularly in the
gonads, to control the rate of sperm
formation (spermatogenesis) in
males and follicle development in
females.
* Paracrine- a secretion that enters Differentiate between paracrine, autocrine,
interstitial fluid but affects only endocrine, and exocrine glands.
neighboring cells
* Autocrine- a secretion that only
affects the secreting cell
* Endocrine- secretes hormones into
the internal environment
* Exocrine- have secretions that
enter tubes or ducts that lead to
body surfaces
The impairment of ADH regulation of How is diabetes insipitus different than diabetes
water balance. Tumors and injury mellitus?
affecting the hypothalamus and
posterior pituitary can cause this. You
are always thirsty and have large
amount of urine output.
, Sex hormones and adrenal cortex Describe steroid hormones.
hormones. Steroid hormones diffuse
through cell membranes and enter
cytoplasm or nucleus. Then they
combine with a receptor molecule,
which together bind to DNA and
promote transcription of messenger
RNA. mRNA enters the cytoplasm
and directs protein synthesis. Newly
synthesized proteins produce
hormone's specific effects. They are
derived from cholesterol. Vitamin D
is a modified steroid
Stimulate other endocrine glands to Describe tropic hormones.
release hormones. The hypothalamus
controls the anterior pituitary glands
release of this type of hormone
Blood is about 8% of body weight. Describe normal blood: number of each cell type,
Adult blood volume is about 5L. RBC pH.
count is usually 4,600,000-6,200,000
in males, 4,200,000-5,400,000 in
females. WBC are usually 5,000-
10,000 per cubic mm of blood.
Platelets are usually 150,000-450,000
per cubic mm of blood. Normal
blood pH is between 7.35-7.45
