ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY ACTUAL EXAM
SCRIPT 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
●● What are the common causes of Acute Kidney Injury? Answer:
Acute tubular necrosis, severe dehydration, heart failure, nephrotoxins,
and mechanical obstruction.
●● What is the difference between AKI and Chronic Kidney Disease
(CKD) in terms of onset? Answer: AKI has a sudden onset, while CKD
develops gradually over years.
●● What is the diagnostic criterion for AKI? Answer: Acute reduction in
urine output and/or elevation in serum creatinine.
●● What is the reversibility of AKI compared to CKD? Answer: AKI is
potentially reversible, while CKD is progressive and irreversible.
●● What is azotemia? Answer: Accumulation of nitrogenous waste
products in the blood.
●● What are the three phases of Acute Kidney Injury? Answer: Oliguric
phase, diuretic phase, and recovery phase.
, ●● What characterizes the oliguric phase of AKI? Answer: Urinary
output less than 400 mL/day, occurring within 1 to 7 days after injury.
●● What are common clinical manifestations during the oliguric phase?
Answer: Fluid retention, hypertension, metabolic acidosis, and
electrolyte imbalances.
●● What is the significance of the RIFLE classification? Answer: It
categorizes the severity of AKI into Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-
stage renal disease.
●● What happens during the diuretic phase of AKI? Answer: Daily urine
output increases to 1 to 3 L, sometimes up to 5 L, due to osmotic
diuresis.
●● What are the potential complications during the recovery phase of
AKI? Answer: Increased GFR, decreased BUN and creatinine levels,
influenced by severity of injury and complications.
●● What are prerenal causes of AKI? Answer: Factors that reduce
systemic circulation, such as severe dehydration and heart failure.
●● What are intrarenal causes of AKI? Answer: Conditions that cause
direct damage to kidney tissue, such as prolonged ischemia and
nephrotoxins.
SCRIPT 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
●● What are the common causes of Acute Kidney Injury? Answer:
Acute tubular necrosis, severe dehydration, heart failure, nephrotoxins,
and mechanical obstruction.
●● What is the difference between AKI and Chronic Kidney Disease
(CKD) in terms of onset? Answer: AKI has a sudden onset, while CKD
develops gradually over years.
●● What is the diagnostic criterion for AKI? Answer: Acute reduction in
urine output and/or elevation in serum creatinine.
●● What is the reversibility of AKI compared to CKD? Answer: AKI is
potentially reversible, while CKD is progressive and irreversible.
●● What is azotemia? Answer: Accumulation of nitrogenous waste
products in the blood.
●● What are the three phases of Acute Kidney Injury? Answer: Oliguric
phase, diuretic phase, and recovery phase.
, ●● What characterizes the oliguric phase of AKI? Answer: Urinary
output less than 400 mL/day, occurring within 1 to 7 days after injury.
●● What are common clinical manifestations during the oliguric phase?
Answer: Fluid retention, hypertension, metabolic acidosis, and
electrolyte imbalances.
●● What is the significance of the RIFLE classification? Answer: It
categorizes the severity of AKI into Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-
stage renal disease.
●● What happens during the diuretic phase of AKI? Answer: Daily urine
output increases to 1 to 3 L, sometimes up to 5 L, due to osmotic
diuresis.
●● What are the potential complications during the recovery phase of
AKI? Answer: Increased GFR, decreased BUN and creatinine levels,
influenced by severity of injury and complications.
●● What are prerenal causes of AKI? Answer: Factors that reduce
systemic circulation, such as severe dehydration and heart failure.
●● What are intrarenal causes of AKI? Answer: Conditions that cause
direct damage to kidney tissue, such as prolonged ischemia and
nephrotoxins.
