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Analyzed Answers Graded A+
(2025-2026 Latest Update)!!!
2 types of DI - ANSWER--Nephrogenic: inadequate response of renal tubules to
ADH (genetic or acquired)
-Drugs = lithium carbonate, colchicine’s, amphotericin B, loop diuretics, general
anesthetics
5 chronic complications of DM - ANSWER-Blindness/cataracts, kidney failure,
neuropathies, heart disease
5 complications of DM - ANSWER-Stroke, CHF, MI, PAD, infection
6 signs of DM type 1 and 2 - ANSWER--Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, weight
loss, fatigue, ketones in urine
Acutely infected - ANSWER-HBsAg = NEG
HBcAb = NEG
HBsAb = POS
IgM HBcAB = POS
, Anorexia Nervosa - ANSWER-Restriction of energy intake leading to low body
weight, intense fear of gaining weight, disturbance in the way one's body weight
or shape is experienced
Bulimia Nervosa - ANSWER-Binge eating followed by purging, misuse of
laxatives, diuretics, excessive exercise, fasting, usually once a week for at least 3
months
Caused by osteoporosis - ANSWER-Vertebral fractures, deformity, reduced
pulmonary function, loss of height
Causes of elevated LFTs - ANSWER-Acetominophen, statins, alcohol, heart
failure, hepatitis, obesity, CMV, EBV, hemochromatosis, liver cancer, mono,
polymyositis, sepsis, Wilson's disease (too much copper)
Changes with osteoarthritis (DJD) - ANSWER--Degeneration and loss of/poor
repair of articular cartilage
-Chondrocytes of articular cartilage become damaged
-Cartilage loses glistening appearance
-Cartilage becomes thin/absent, exposing subchondral bone
-Pressure builds in cysts until their contents move into synovial cavity, breaking
through articular cartilage on the way
-Spurlike bony projections enlarge until small pieces, joint mice, break off into
synovial cavity causing synovitis and joint effusion
-Joint capsule becomes thick and adheres to deformed underlying bone (limits
movement)
Characteristics of duodenal ulcers - ANSWER--20-50
-positive family hx (men and women)
-increased ulcerogenic drugs
-H. Pylori present (95-100%)