1807NRS EOT COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
SCRIPT 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
◉Drugs produce the desired effect by (4 ways). Answer: chemical
action, physical action, enzymes and binding to receptors
◉S/E Opioid analgesics. Answer: consipation, drowsiness,
respiratory depression
◉S/E Laxatives. Answer: diahorrea
◉S/E antihypertensives. Answer: hypotension, postural hypotension
and bradycardia
◉how can you reduce the GI symptoms of meds and eg. Answer:
take with food - anti-inflammatories, ibuprofen or enteric coated
◉what are 2 meds that can have their absorption altered by
presence of food. Answer: paracetamol and digoxin
,◉what are some factors that influence absorption. Answer: ability to
dissolve in fats, surface area, route, formulation, contact w GIT
◉what are some factors that influence distribution. Answer: BBB
and placental barriers
◉what does the metabolism phase do. Answer: alter chemical
properties of drugs making them less lipophilic and readily excreted
◉what are some ways drugs can be excreted. Answer: liver, faeces,
urine
◉NT released by SNS and nerves. Answer: noradrenaline, adrenergic
◉NT released by PSNS and nerves. Answer: acetylcholine,
cholinergic
◉what are the 4 adrenergic receptors. Answer: a1, a2, b1, b2
◉a1 location and physiological response. Answer: smooth muscle
(periphial blood vessels, GIT, bladder), causes vasoconstriction of
blood vessels (↑BP, miosis, ↓GIT and ↓ sweating and voiding)
, ◉a2 location and physiological response. Answer: presynaptic
neuron, act as controllers as NTs
◉b1 location and physiological response. Answer: heart, GI and
smooth muscles, causes ↑ HR and CO and ↓ GI
◉b2 location and physiological response. Answer: bronchial smooth
muscle, causes bronchodilation, vasodilation of blood vessels in
skeletal muscles
◉action of b1 antagonist. Answer: decrease HR and GIT
◉action of b2 agonist. Answer: raise BP and HR and ↓ GIT
◉muscarinic antagonists action. Answer: bronchodilation, ↓
cognitive processes = sedation, ↓ peristalsis and gastric secretion
and tachycardia
◉muscarinic agonist action. Answer: bradycardia, hypotension,
pupil constriction, diaphoresis and bronchoconstriction
◉where are nicotinic receptors located. Answer: PNS and SNS
smooth and cardiac muscle, NMJ of skeletal muscles and CNS
SCRIPT 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
◉Drugs produce the desired effect by (4 ways). Answer: chemical
action, physical action, enzymes and binding to receptors
◉S/E Opioid analgesics. Answer: consipation, drowsiness,
respiratory depression
◉S/E Laxatives. Answer: diahorrea
◉S/E antihypertensives. Answer: hypotension, postural hypotension
and bradycardia
◉how can you reduce the GI symptoms of meds and eg. Answer:
take with food - anti-inflammatories, ibuprofen or enteric coated
◉what are 2 meds that can have their absorption altered by
presence of food. Answer: paracetamol and digoxin
,◉what are some factors that influence absorption. Answer: ability to
dissolve in fats, surface area, route, formulation, contact w GIT
◉what are some factors that influence distribution. Answer: BBB
and placental barriers
◉what does the metabolism phase do. Answer: alter chemical
properties of drugs making them less lipophilic and readily excreted
◉what are some ways drugs can be excreted. Answer: liver, faeces,
urine
◉NT released by SNS and nerves. Answer: noradrenaline, adrenergic
◉NT released by PSNS and nerves. Answer: acetylcholine,
cholinergic
◉what are the 4 adrenergic receptors. Answer: a1, a2, b1, b2
◉a1 location and physiological response. Answer: smooth muscle
(periphial blood vessels, GIT, bladder), causes vasoconstriction of
blood vessels (↑BP, miosis, ↓GIT and ↓ sweating and voiding)
, ◉a2 location and physiological response. Answer: presynaptic
neuron, act as controllers as NTs
◉b1 location and physiological response. Answer: heart, GI and
smooth muscles, causes ↑ HR and CO and ↓ GI
◉b2 location and physiological response. Answer: bronchial smooth
muscle, causes bronchodilation, vasodilation of blood vessels in
skeletal muscles
◉action of b1 antagonist. Answer: decrease HR and GIT
◉action of b2 agonist. Answer: raise BP and HR and ↓ GIT
◉muscarinic antagonists action. Answer: bronchodilation, ↓
cognitive processes = sedation, ↓ peristalsis and gastric secretion
and tachycardia
◉muscarinic agonist action. Answer: bradycardia, hypotension,
pupil constriction, diaphoresis and bronchoconstriction
◉where are nicotinic receptors located. Answer: PNS and SNS
smooth and cardiac muscle, NMJ of skeletal muscles and CNS
