No organelles are visible in the cytoplasm of this red blood cell. Suggest why. [1 mark]
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Cytoplasm of red blood cell filled with haemoglobin;
Describe the action of these membrane-bound dipeptidases and explain their
importance. /2
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1. Hydrolyse (peptide bonds) to release amino acids;
2. Amino acids can cross (cell) membrane;
OR
Dipeptides cannot cross (cell) membrane;
, OR
Maintain concentration gradient of amino acids for absorption;
The scientists dried the plant samples in an oven at 100 °C. Give two reasons why they
used this temperature.
[2 marks]
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1. Evaporates all water
2. (But) does not burn (organic compounds);
A student puts amylase and starch inside of Visking tubing in a beaker of water. She then
tests the solution in the beaker with Biuret's, Benedict's and potassium iodide. Explain the
results. /3
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1. Biuret: protein molecules too large to pass
through tubing; (not enzyme)
2. Iodine in potassium iodide solution: starch
molecules too large to pass through tubing;
3. Benedict's: starch hydrolysed to maltose,
which is able to pass through tubing (amylase doesn't hydrolyse to glucose)
Describe the structure of glycogen. /2
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, 1. Polysaccharide of α-glucose;
OR
polymer of α-glucose;
2. (Joined by) glycosidic bonds
OR
Branched structure;
The first molecule of oxygen to bind causes a change in the shape of the haemoglobin
molecule.
This change of shape makes it easier for other oxygen molecules to bind to the
haemoglobin molecule. Explain how the haemoglobin saturation graph provides
evidence for this.
[2 marks]
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1. At low partial pressure of oxygen, little increase in saturation as oxygen
increases;
2. (then) rapid rise as it gets easier for oxygen to bind;
The scientists calculated a correlation coefficient, R, from their data. They found R = 0.50,
with P <0.0001.
Explain the meaning of the result of their calculations. [3 marks]
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Give this one a try later!
Cytoplasm of red blood cell filled with haemoglobin;
Describe the action of these membrane-bound dipeptidases and explain their
importance. /2
Give this one a try later!
1. Hydrolyse (peptide bonds) to release amino acids;
2. Amino acids can cross (cell) membrane;
OR
Dipeptides cannot cross (cell) membrane;
, OR
Maintain concentration gradient of amino acids for absorption;
The scientists dried the plant samples in an oven at 100 °C. Give two reasons why they
used this temperature.
[2 marks]
Give this one a try later!
1. Evaporates all water
2. (But) does not burn (organic compounds);
A student puts amylase and starch inside of Visking tubing in a beaker of water. She then
tests the solution in the beaker with Biuret's, Benedict's and potassium iodide. Explain the
results. /3
Give this one a try later!
1. Biuret: protein molecules too large to pass
through tubing; (not enzyme)
2. Iodine in potassium iodide solution: starch
molecules too large to pass through tubing;
3. Benedict's: starch hydrolysed to maltose,
which is able to pass through tubing (amylase doesn't hydrolyse to glucose)
Describe the structure of glycogen. /2
Give this one a try later!
, 1. Polysaccharide of α-glucose;
OR
polymer of α-glucose;
2. (Joined by) glycosidic bonds
OR
Branched structure;
The first molecule of oxygen to bind causes a change in the shape of the haemoglobin
molecule.
This change of shape makes it easier for other oxygen molecules to bind to the
haemoglobin molecule. Explain how the haemoglobin saturation graph provides
evidence for this.
[2 marks]
Give this one a try later!
1. At low partial pressure of oxygen, little increase in saturation as oxygen
increases;
2. (then) rapid rise as it gets easier for oxygen to bind;
The scientists calculated a correlation coefficient, R, from their data. They found R = 0.50,
with P <0.0001.
Explain the meaning of the result of their calculations. [3 marks]
Give this one a try later!
