Galen NUR 242 Exam 2 () | Med-Surg Nursing | (A+ Guarantee) | PDF
Galen NUR 242 Exam 2 | Med-
Surg Nursing | (A+ Guarantee) |
PDF Q&A 2026 Update!!!
Causes of fluid overload
Answer(s)
•Excessive fluid replacement
•Kidney failure (late phase)
•Heart failure
•Long term corticosteroid therapy
•Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
•Psychiatric disorders with polydipsia
•Water intoxication
s/s fluid overload
Answer(s)
•CV: tachycardia, bounding pulse, HTN, decrease pulse
pressure, JVD, weight gain
•Resp: increase and shallow resp; SOB, crackles lung
sounds
•Skin: pitting edema, skin pale and cool to touch
•Neuromuscular: LOC, HA, visual disturbance, muscle
weakness, paresthesia
•GI: increase motility, enlarge liver
Assessment for fluid overload
Answer(s)
•Assess risk r/t age and diagnosis, history (overhydration,
CHF, kidney disease)
•Assess vital signs why: watch for bounding tachycardia,
HTN, dysrhythmias, tachypnea
1
,Galen NUR 242 Exam 2 () | Med-Surg Nursing | (A+ Guarantee) | PDF
•Assess lung sounds (crackles) , weight, LOC, Observe
JVD
•Assess lab values: electrolytes imbalance and signs and
symptoms
• Focus Assessment: skin/extremities/ abdomen and
sacrum area for edema
•Assess perfusion: edema may impair perfusion to
extremities, assess peripheral and central pulses, capillary
refill, skin color, temp, sensory and motor function
•Observe for urine output
Lab values fluid overload
Answer(s)
•Serum osmolality (275-295 mOsm/kg)
•Decrease found in overhydration <275; and < 265 is
critical finding
•CBC
•Decrease hemoglobin and hematocrit
•BUN
•decreased BUN
•Electrolytes
•Decreased sodium (shifts due to dilution)
•Urine specific gravity Decrease < 1.005
fluid overload interventions/goal
Answer(s)
•Goal: reduce excess body fluids, promote desired
elimination
•Manage underlying cause
•Restrict dietary sodium intake
•Monitor I/O
•Administer diuretic
•Monitor client's s/s and electrolytes values
•Restrict oral and other fluid intake as prescribed
2
, Galen NUR 242 Exam 2 () | Med-Surg Nursing | (A+ Guarantee) | PDF
Fluid overload complications
Answer(s)
•Isotonic overhydration
•HF and pulmonary edema
•Seizure
•Coma
Fluid overload medications
Answer(s)
Furosemide
Mannitol
S/S of dehydration
Answer(s)
•Vital signs: hyperthermia, ST, thread pulse, hypotension,
decrease CVP
•Neuromusculoskeletal: Dizziness, syncope, confusion,
weakness, fatigue
•GI: thirst, dry furrowed tongue, N/V, anorexia, weight loss
•Renal: Oliguria
•Other signs: Diminish capillary refill, cool clammy skin,
diaphoresis, sunken eyeballs, flat neck vein
Dehydration assessment
Answer(s)
•Assess for condition leading to dehydration: diarrhea,
poor intake, vigorous exercise, vomiting, polyuria, fluid
losses (burns, trauma) clients with drains/NG tube,
burns/fluid shifts, overuse of diuretic
Dehydration labs
Answer(s)
3
Galen NUR 242 Exam 2 | Med-
Surg Nursing | (A+ Guarantee) |
PDF Q&A 2026 Update!!!
Causes of fluid overload
Answer(s)
•Excessive fluid replacement
•Kidney failure (late phase)
•Heart failure
•Long term corticosteroid therapy
•Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
•Psychiatric disorders with polydipsia
•Water intoxication
s/s fluid overload
Answer(s)
•CV: tachycardia, bounding pulse, HTN, decrease pulse
pressure, JVD, weight gain
•Resp: increase and shallow resp; SOB, crackles lung
sounds
•Skin: pitting edema, skin pale and cool to touch
•Neuromuscular: LOC, HA, visual disturbance, muscle
weakness, paresthesia
•GI: increase motility, enlarge liver
Assessment for fluid overload
Answer(s)
•Assess risk r/t age and diagnosis, history (overhydration,
CHF, kidney disease)
•Assess vital signs why: watch for bounding tachycardia,
HTN, dysrhythmias, tachypnea
1
,Galen NUR 242 Exam 2 () | Med-Surg Nursing | (A+ Guarantee) | PDF
•Assess lung sounds (crackles) , weight, LOC, Observe
JVD
•Assess lab values: electrolytes imbalance and signs and
symptoms
• Focus Assessment: skin/extremities/ abdomen and
sacrum area for edema
•Assess perfusion: edema may impair perfusion to
extremities, assess peripheral and central pulses, capillary
refill, skin color, temp, sensory and motor function
•Observe for urine output
Lab values fluid overload
Answer(s)
•Serum osmolality (275-295 mOsm/kg)
•Decrease found in overhydration <275; and < 265 is
critical finding
•CBC
•Decrease hemoglobin and hematocrit
•BUN
•decreased BUN
•Electrolytes
•Decreased sodium (shifts due to dilution)
•Urine specific gravity Decrease < 1.005
fluid overload interventions/goal
Answer(s)
•Goal: reduce excess body fluids, promote desired
elimination
•Manage underlying cause
•Restrict dietary sodium intake
•Monitor I/O
•Administer diuretic
•Monitor client's s/s and electrolytes values
•Restrict oral and other fluid intake as prescribed
2
, Galen NUR 242 Exam 2 () | Med-Surg Nursing | (A+ Guarantee) | PDF
Fluid overload complications
Answer(s)
•Isotonic overhydration
•HF and pulmonary edema
•Seizure
•Coma
Fluid overload medications
Answer(s)
Furosemide
Mannitol
S/S of dehydration
Answer(s)
•Vital signs: hyperthermia, ST, thread pulse, hypotension,
decrease CVP
•Neuromusculoskeletal: Dizziness, syncope, confusion,
weakness, fatigue
•GI: thirst, dry furrowed tongue, N/V, anorexia, weight loss
•Renal: Oliguria
•Other signs: Diminish capillary refill, cool clammy skin,
diaphoresis, sunken eyeballs, flat neck vein
Dehydration assessment
Answer(s)
•Assess for condition leading to dehydration: diarrhea,
poor intake, vigorous exercise, vomiting, polyuria, fluid
losses (burns, trauma) clients with drains/NG tube,
burns/fluid shifts, overuse of diuretic
Dehydration labs
Answer(s)
3
