NUR 304 Exam 1 – Study Guide and Exam Review Material
epidemiology - correct answer ✔✔the study of health and disease in society
Wellness- illness continuum - correct answer ✔✔Health as dichotomy: high-level wellness at
the pos end to depletion of health at the negative end
High-level wellness: sense of well-being, life satisfaction, quality of life. wellness is positive state
with increases in health can be made beyond the midpoint. expanded concept of health to
include favorability of environment for health and wellness. Progressing toward high level of
functioning. Interrelationships between environment and ability to achieve health on a personal
and societal level.
Negative end: adaptation to disease/ disability
2nd paradigm: Unitary patterning of person environment (1970-1980) - correct answer
✔✔unidirectional
developmental
expanding consciousness, pattern/ meaning recognition
person is a complex system
interconnected to many different groups
Ecological model of health - correct answer ✔✔promotes health at individual, family,
community, and societal levels
major component: social determinants of health (the factors in peoples lives that affect their
health)
,socioeconomic status, education, physical environment, support networks as access to health
care)
SDH form basis for healthy people 2020
Before 1940: - correct answer ✔✔health is absence of disease
physician was primary provider
government was starting to work to address public health and welfare issues
1940-1950's: health - correct answer ✔✔ability to have and perform a role in society
psychical's for school, work
physicians began working at hospitals
increased federal role: hospital expansion and more programs
1960 to present - correct answer ✔✔Health= adaptation and reaction to environment
disease prevention and health promotion
emphasis on person centered care: focus on person not disease
emphasis on individual responsibility/ lifestyle choices
,advance practice nurses became health care providers
government is trying to control costs
quality of life seen as component of health (person/ family perception important)
Models of Health
Clinical - correct answer ✔✔Health is Absence of signs and symptoms of disease
illness is the presence of signs and symptoms
prevention not emphasized
Role performance - correct answer ✔✔ability to perform roles defines health
"sick role" excuses people from performing their social functions
Adaptive - correct answer ✔✔ability to adapt to change positively
how the react to a diagnosis
spirituality can be useful in adapting to dec level of functioning in oder adults
Eudaimonistic model - correct answer ✔✔exuberant well-being indicates optimal health
emphasizes interactions between multiple aspects of life
illness as a result of lack of involvement with life
, predate clinical model
congruent with integrative modes of therapy- best types of those practices like healing aroma
therapy or acupuncture
address more comprehensive health needs
compatible with complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)
health is more broadly defined and can encompass more individuals and more diverse life
circumstances
person dying of cancer may still be healthy if they are finding meaning in life
they might find that regular health care does not address all needs, and seek out a practitioner
of alternate medicine
Functioning - correct answer ✔✔levels reflected in terms of performance/ social expectations,
loss
health (textbook) - correct answer ✔✔state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning
that realized a persons potential and is experienced within a developmental context
individual and societal responsibility
Disease - correct answer ✔✔body has failed to adapt to an illness
results in structural or functional disturbances
epidemiology - correct answer ✔✔the study of health and disease in society
Wellness- illness continuum - correct answer ✔✔Health as dichotomy: high-level wellness at
the pos end to depletion of health at the negative end
High-level wellness: sense of well-being, life satisfaction, quality of life. wellness is positive state
with increases in health can be made beyond the midpoint. expanded concept of health to
include favorability of environment for health and wellness. Progressing toward high level of
functioning. Interrelationships between environment and ability to achieve health on a personal
and societal level.
Negative end: adaptation to disease/ disability
2nd paradigm: Unitary patterning of person environment (1970-1980) - correct answer
✔✔unidirectional
developmental
expanding consciousness, pattern/ meaning recognition
person is a complex system
interconnected to many different groups
Ecological model of health - correct answer ✔✔promotes health at individual, family,
community, and societal levels
major component: social determinants of health (the factors in peoples lives that affect their
health)
,socioeconomic status, education, physical environment, support networks as access to health
care)
SDH form basis for healthy people 2020
Before 1940: - correct answer ✔✔health is absence of disease
physician was primary provider
government was starting to work to address public health and welfare issues
1940-1950's: health - correct answer ✔✔ability to have and perform a role in society
psychical's for school, work
physicians began working at hospitals
increased federal role: hospital expansion and more programs
1960 to present - correct answer ✔✔Health= adaptation and reaction to environment
disease prevention and health promotion
emphasis on person centered care: focus on person not disease
emphasis on individual responsibility/ lifestyle choices
,advance practice nurses became health care providers
government is trying to control costs
quality of life seen as component of health (person/ family perception important)
Models of Health
Clinical - correct answer ✔✔Health is Absence of signs and symptoms of disease
illness is the presence of signs and symptoms
prevention not emphasized
Role performance - correct answer ✔✔ability to perform roles defines health
"sick role" excuses people from performing their social functions
Adaptive - correct answer ✔✔ability to adapt to change positively
how the react to a diagnosis
spirituality can be useful in adapting to dec level of functioning in oder adults
Eudaimonistic model - correct answer ✔✔exuberant well-being indicates optimal health
emphasizes interactions between multiple aspects of life
illness as a result of lack of involvement with life
, predate clinical model
congruent with integrative modes of therapy- best types of those practices like healing aroma
therapy or acupuncture
address more comprehensive health needs
compatible with complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)
health is more broadly defined and can encompass more individuals and more diverse life
circumstances
person dying of cancer may still be healthy if they are finding meaning in life
they might find that regular health care does not address all needs, and seek out a practitioner
of alternate medicine
Functioning - correct answer ✔✔levels reflected in terms of performance/ social expectations,
loss
health (textbook) - correct answer ✔✔state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning
that realized a persons potential and is experienced within a developmental context
individual and societal responsibility
Disease - correct answer ✔✔body has failed to adapt to an illness
results in structural or functional disturbances
