Advanced wound care exam questions and answers updated 2026

Advanced wound care exam
questions and answers updated
2026
WhatAisAaAwoundA-
AAnswerAAAwoundAcanAbeAdefinedAasAanyAdisruptionAtoAtheAintegrityAofAtheA
skin,AmucousAmembraneAorAorganAtissue.AAAwoundAcanAbeAcausedAbyAtrauma,
Asurgery,AchemicalAorAthermalAdamageAorAdisease.AItAcanAbeAacuteAorAchronic


RepairAstageAofAwoundAhealingA-
AAnswerAinflammation,AreconstructionAandAmaturation


reconstructionAphaseAofAwoundAhealingA-
AAnswerAGranulation:AmacrophagesAwillAcontinueAtoAcleanAupAtheAwoundAandA
stimulateAtheAfibroblastsAtoAcreateAconnectiveAtissue.AAAredAcollageAtypeAtissu
eAwhichAeventuallyAbecomesAscarAtissue.AThisAisAhealingAandApinkAtissue
Contraction:AtheAbodyAisAtryingAtoAmakeAtheAwoundAsmallerAandAtheAwoundAe
dgesAareAbeingAdrawnAtogether
Epitheliasation:AwhereAtheAnewAskinAisAgrowingAacrossAtheAwound


PrimaryAintentionAhealingA-
AAnswerAClosureAofAsurgicalAorAtraumaticAwoundAwhereAedgesAheldAinAcloseAa
ppositionAbyAsutures,Astaples,AtapeAorAglue.AMinimalAtissueAlossAorAscarring


DelayedAprimaryAintentionAhealingA-
AAnswerAWoundAkeptAopenAforAintensiveAcleaning.AClosedAwhenAnoAsignsAofAi
nfectionAorAforeignAbodies.


SecondaryAintentionAhealingA-
AAnswerATooAmuchAtissueAlossAandAyouAcannotApullAtheAedgesAtogether.ATheA
rapidAphaseAwillAoccurAandAwillAtakeAlongerAandAmoreAscarring.AChronicAand
AlongerAtermAwounds
TissueAloss.AWoundAhealingAdelayed.AOccursAbyAgranulation,AcontractionAandAe
pitheliasation.AGreaterAscarring

,AcuteAwoundA-
AAnswerAaAwoundAwithAanAaetiologyAthatAoccursAsuddenly,AeitherAwithAorAwit
houtAintention,AbutAthenAhealsAinAaAtimelyAmanner.AUsuallyAwithinA4-
12AweeksAdependingAonAtheAsize,AdepthAandAextentAofAdamageAtoAtheAepider
misAandAdermisAlayerAofAtheAskin


ChronicAwoundA-
AAnswerAaAwoundAthatAhasAslowAprogressionAthroughAtheAhealingAphases,Aor
AshowsAdelayed,AinterruptedAorAstalledAhealingAdueAtoAinstructingAandAextrins
icAfactorsAthatAimpactAonAtheAindividualAandAtheirAwound.AOftenAcomplicatedA
byAunderlyingAintrinsicAfactors.


HypergrannulationA-
AAnswerAGranulationAwhichAhasAgoneAonAtooAlong.ATypicallyAgranulationAshou
ldAstopAwhenAtheAwoundAfillsAtheAcavity,AhypergrannulationAoccursAwhenAitAg
oesAbeyondAtheAwoundAbed.AGranulationAtissueAbeyondAtheAwoundAsurfaceAwh
ichAinterferesAwithAepitheliasation


ContractureA-
AAnswerAWhereAthereAisAexcessAhydroblastAactivity.AScarAtissueAoverAcontracts,
AcosmeticAandAfunctionalAdeformity.AHelpedAbyAsplints,Aexercises,Agrafts,Apress
ureAgarmentsAandAincisionAlocation


HypertrophicAscarringA-
AAnswerAStillAwithinAtheAoriginalAboundariesAofAtheAwound.ATooAmuchAcollage
nAinAtheAhealedAwound,AleavingAitAred,Araised,Afirm,AitchyAscarAwithinAtheAbo
undaryAofAtheAwound.
RespondAtoAcompressionAandAaidAremodelling.ATheAtheoryAisAitAencouragedAaA
moreAorderlyAmaturationAofAtheAcollagenAfibres,AdecreasesAoedema,AdecreaseA
bloodAflowA>AhypoxiaA:AfibroblastAdeformity


KeloidAscarringA-
AAnswerAHypertrophicAscarringAbeyondAtheAboundaryAofAtheAoriginalAwound.AF
ibrousAgrowthAfromAabnormalAconnectiveAtissuesAresponseA>AtumoursAscarsAex
tendingAbeyondAboundaryAofAoriginalAwound,AmayAbecomeAmalignant.

,DifficultAtoAresolve.ASurgicalAexcision,AcorticosteroidAinfection,Acompression,Arad
iation.
CanAbeAmoreAcommonAinApeopleAwithAaAdarkerAcomplexionAorAgeneticAhistory


WoundAinfectionA-AAnswerAWoundAinfectionAcanAbeAdefinedAasAa
multiplicationAofApathogensAthatAoverwhelm
hostAdefences,AresultingAinAdisruptionAof
healingAandAdamageAtoAtissues.
WoundAinfectionAcanAresultAinAlocalAand
systemicAhostAresponses


BiofilmA-
AAnswerAAAbiofilmAcanAbeAdescribedAasAmicroorganismsAembeddedAinAaAthick,
AslimyAbarrierAofAsugarsAandAproteins.ATheAbiofilmAbarrierAprotectsAtheAmicro
organismsAfromAexternalAthreats.


RoleAofAantibioticsA-AAnswerAAllAwoundsAareAcolonisedAwithAmicrobes
NotAallAareA"infected"
AntibioticsAareAonlyAindicatedAforAwoundsAthatAareAclinicallyAinfected
NoAevidenceAprophylaxisAhasAaAroleAinApreventingAinfection
LocalAandAsystemicAsignsAofAinfectionAmayAwarrantAtheAuseAofAsystemicAantibi
otics


AntimicrobialAstewardshipA-
AAnswerAAntimicrobialAstewardshipA(AMS)AisAdefinedAasAanAongoingAeffortAby
AaAhealthAserviceAorganisationAtoAoptimiseAantimicrobialAuseAamongApatientsA'
toAimproveApatientAoutcomes,AensureAcost-
AeffectiveAtherapyAandAreduceAadverseAsequelaeAofAantimicrobialAuseA(includin
gAantimicrobialAresistance).


AA-AwoundAassessmentA-AAnswerAAssessAtheApatient,AwellbeingAandAwound.A

, Patient,AsocialAsituation,Apmx,Amedications,Aallergies,AtheAwound/location/dura
tion/acute/chronic/pain/measurementsAect


BA-AwoundAassessmentA-AAnswerABringAinAtheAmulti-disciplinaryAteamA
Dietician,AnurseApractitioner,AwoundAcareAnurse,Aphysiotherapist,AoccupationalAt
herapist,AmedicalAstaff,AsocialAworker,Apharmacist,ApodiatristAect.


CA-AwoundAassessmentA-AAnswerAcontrolAandAtreatAbarriersAtoAhealingA
medicationsA
comorbidities
painA
theAhealingAenvrionment


DA-AwoundAassessmentA-
AAnswerADecideAonAmostAappropriateAwoundAtreatmentA
ShortAtermAgoals:ATimeAframeA(upAtoAapproxA14Adays)Ae.g.Ahaemostasis,Aredu
cedApain,AmanageAinfection,AachieveAmoistureAbalance,AcommenceAgranulation,
AcommenceAdebridementAetc
LongAtermAgoals:ATimeAframeA(1Amonth?A3Amonths?A-
AdependsAonAwound)Ae.g.AnoAinfection,AwoundA25%A/A50%A/AcompletelyAhea
led,AfunctionArestoredAetc.
DescribeAaAsuggestedAwoundAmanagementAplanA(summarisingAinformationAfrom
ATIMEAandAdressingAplan)


EA-AwoundAassessmentA-
AAnswerAExplainAhowAyouAwillAassessAtheAtreatmentAplanAandAifAitAhasAwork
ed


TA-AwoundAassessmentA-AAnswerATissueAviabilityA
-AdescribeAtheAwoundAbedAandAtheAsurroundingAskin,AisAitAviable


IA-AwoundAassessmentA-AAnswerAInflammation