BSN435 Scholarship & Evidence-Based Practice Final Exam Test Bank 2026/2027 | Practice Questions, Approved Answers & Detailed Rationales for Guaranteed A+ Pass

BSN435: SCHOLARSHIP & EVIDENCE-
BASED PRACTICE Final Exam Guide, Practice
Test, Approved Questions & Answers with
Detailed Rationale 2026/ 2027 Updated Exam
Already Graded A+


Question 1:
A nurse is formulating a clinical question using the PICOT format.
Which component of PICOT is represented by the question: "In adults
with type 2 diabetes (P), does daily foot inspection (I) compared to no
daily foot inspection (C) reduce the incidence of foot ulcers (O) over 12
months (T)?"
A. Population
B. Intervention
C. Comparison
D. All components are represented


Rationale: Correct answer: D. The PICOT components are present: P =
adults with type 2 diabetes, I = daily foot inspection, C = no daily foot
inspection, O = reduced foot ulcer incidence, T = over 12 months.


Question 2:
A nurse is searching for the strongest level of evidence to answer a
question about a nursing intervention. Which study design provides the
highest level of evidence?

,
A. Expert opinion
B. Case series
C. Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
D. Cohort study


Rationale: Correct answer: C. Systematic review/meta-analysis of RCTs
is at the top of the evidence pyramid (highest level of evidence). Expert
opinion (A) is lowest. Case series (B) and cohort studies (D) are lower
than systematic reviews.


Question 3:
A nurse reads a research article that reports a p-value of 0.03. What is the
correct interpretation of this p-value?
A. There is a 3% chance that the null hypothesis is true
B. The results are statistically significant (p < 0.05)
C. The results are not statistically significant
D. There is a 97% chance of a Type II error


Rationale: Correct answer: B. p < 0.05 indicates statistical significance
(less than 5% probability that results occurred by chance if null
hypothesis is true). p = 0.03 means 3% chance, so reject the null
hypothesis.


Question 4:

,
A nurse is conducting a literature search on fall prevention in older
adults. Which Boolean operator would narrow the search to articles that
contain BOTH "fall prevention" AND "older adults"?
A. OR
B. AND
C. NOT
D. WITH


Rationale: Correct answer: B. AND narrows the search by requiring both
terms to be present. OR broadens (either term). NOT excludes terms.


Question 5:
A nurse is critically appraising a research study. The study randomly
assigned patients to either an early mobility protocol or standard care.
What type of study design is this?
A. Cohort study
B. Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
C. Case-control study
D. Cross-sectional study


Rationale: Correct answer: B. RCTs involve random assignment to
intervention and control groups. Cohort studies (A) follow groups over
time without randomization. Case-control (C) compares cases to controls
retrospectively. Cross-sectional (D) measures at one time point.


Question 6:

,
A nurse is reading a research article that describes a study exploring the
lived experience of patients with chronic pain. What type of research
methodology is most likely used?
A. Quantitative research
B. Qualitative research (phenomenology)
C. Mixed methods research
D. Systematic review


Rationale: Correct answer: B. "Lived experience" is a key phrase for
phenomenology (qualitative research). Quantitative research (A)
measures numerical data. Mixed methods (C) uses both. Systematic
review (D) synthesizes existing research.


Question 7:
A nurse is implementing an evidence-based practice change on the unit.
According to the IOWA Model, what is the first step in the EBP process?
A. Implement the practice change
B. Critically appraise the evidence
C. Ask a clinical question (trigger)
D. Evaluate the outcomes


Rationale: Correct answer: C. The IOWA Model begins with a trigger
(clinical problem or question). Then form team, search evidence,
critique, decide to implement, implement, evaluate.


Question 8: