NIGHTINGALE_CULTURAL
ANTHROPOLOGY COMPLETE
FINAL EXAM WITH 245
QUESTIONS AND ALL CORRECT
ANSWERS VERIFIED AND
GRADED A+
ANTHROPOLOGY
the study of humankind - of ancient & modern people and their ways of
living
Holism
-approach that assumes any single aspect of culture is integrated with
other aspects (all aspects of culture interact)
-no single dimension of culture can be understood in isolation!
Religion
beliefs and actions that are based on the assumption that the world is
under the control of supernatural forces that humans must please
Magic
practice intended to manipulate supernatural forces to achieve a specific
result...magic is less spiritual and less ethical than religion
,Individualistic cult
all people are their own specialists
Shamanistic cult
A religious system in which rituals, especially for curing and divination, are
managed by a few special individuals who are believed to have
supernatural abilities most people don t have.
Communal cult
Rituals to strengthen group continuity by communicating socially
constructed meaning signifying the continuity of the group.
Ecclesiastical cult
-Within a stratified society, a religious system in which rituals are
managed by a specialized class of priests or officiants.
-is found in highly centralized political systems
Shaman
women and men who are socially recognized as having special abilities for
entering into contact with spirit beings and for controlling supernatural
forces
Rituals
formal, stylized, and repetitive acts that are performed in special, sacred
places at set times
,Rites of solidarity
directed toward the welfare of the community, rather than the
individual...they reaffirm the power of the group, which transcends
individuals
Rites of passage
ceremonies that mark changes in a person's social position that are of
general public concern
Liminal phase (liminality)
temporary ritual state, during which the individual is cut off from normal
social contacts to demarcate a contrast from regular social life
Communitas
intense community spirit, a feeling of social solidarity, equality, and
togetherness that is achieved through liminality
Revitalization movements
occur during times of change, in which religious leaders emerge to bring
forth positive change
Ghost Dance
places dancers in contact with the spirit world and hasten the time when
people would be united with their dead ancestors...this meant that they
would outnumber the Whites and hence be more powerful
, Sacred
realm of human experience that evokes an attitude of aw and reverence
profane
realm of the secular...it is the world of everyday domestic duties that are
essentially utilitarian
Sanctity
quality of unquestionable truthfulness credited by the faithful to
unverifiable propositions
Totems
objects that serve as the emblems or symbols of a kinship group or person
ethnocide
destruction of a people's way of life
genocide
physical extermination of a defined category of people
Enculturation
ANTHROPOLOGY COMPLETE
FINAL EXAM WITH 245
QUESTIONS AND ALL CORRECT
ANSWERS VERIFIED AND
GRADED A+
ANTHROPOLOGY
the study of humankind - of ancient & modern people and their ways of
living
Holism
-approach that assumes any single aspect of culture is integrated with
other aspects (all aspects of culture interact)
-no single dimension of culture can be understood in isolation!
Religion
beliefs and actions that are based on the assumption that the world is
under the control of supernatural forces that humans must please
Magic
practice intended to manipulate supernatural forces to achieve a specific
result...magic is less spiritual and less ethical than religion
,Individualistic cult
all people are their own specialists
Shamanistic cult
A religious system in which rituals, especially for curing and divination, are
managed by a few special individuals who are believed to have
supernatural abilities most people don t have.
Communal cult
Rituals to strengthen group continuity by communicating socially
constructed meaning signifying the continuity of the group.
Ecclesiastical cult
-Within a stratified society, a religious system in which rituals are
managed by a specialized class of priests or officiants.
-is found in highly centralized political systems
Shaman
women and men who are socially recognized as having special abilities for
entering into contact with spirit beings and for controlling supernatural
forces
Rituals
formal, stylized, and repetitive acts that are performed in special, sacred
places at set times
,Rites of solidarity
directed toward the welfare of the community, rather than the
individual...they reaffirm the power of the group, which transcends
individuals
Rites of passage
ceremonies that mark changes in a person's social position that are of
general public concern
Liminal phase (liminality)
temporary ritual state, during which the individual is cut off from normal
social contacts to demarcate a contrast from regular social life
Communitas
intense community spirit, a feeling of social solidarity, equality, and
togetherness that is achieved through liminality
Revitalization movements
occur during times of change, in which religious leaders emerge to bring
forth positive change
Ghost Dance
places dancers in contact with the spirit world and hasten the time when
people would be united with their dead ancestors...this meant that they
would outnumber the Whites and hence be more powerful
, Sacred
realm of human experience that evokes an attitude of aw and reverence
profane
realm of the secular...it is the world of everyday domestic duties that are
essentially utilitarian
Sanctity
quality of unquestionable truthfulness credited by the faithful to
unverifiable propositions
Totems
objects that serve as the emblems or symbols of a kinship group or person
ethnocide
destruction of a people's way of life
genocide
physical extermination of a defined category of people
Enculturation
