NUR 355 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - Complications -
correct answer- -Cardiac arrest (cessation of all heart
activity)
-arrhythmia (irregular heart beat)
-bradycardia
-sudden cardiac death
- No complications for 1st degree heart block
1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - Manifestations -
correct answer- First degree: no symptoms or
treatment; prolonged PR interval
Second degree: mild symptoms (fatigue, chest pain, shortness of
breath, nausea), may treat with pacemaker; dropped QRS
complex
Third degree: sudden onset of dizziness, fatigue, shortness of
breath, low heart rate, cardiac arrest, may need defibrillation
and pacemaker
,1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - PATHO - correct
answer- Hear Block occurs when electrical conduction is
excessively delayed or stopped at the AV node or Bundle of His.
First degree: the conduction delay prolongs the PR interval, the
time between the atrial and ventricular contractions.
Second degree: the longer delay leads periodically to a missed
ventricular contraction. Cardiac output is periodically decreased.
(Type 1: every second to third atrial beat is dropped at the AV
node) (Type 2: electrical signal sometimes gets to ventricle and
sometimes does not; can lead to total heart block)
Third degree (total block): there is no transmission of impulses
from the atria to the ventricles. The ventricles contract
spontaneously at a slow rate of 30-45 beats per minute, totally
independent of the atrial contraction, with continues normally.
Cardiac output is greatly reduced, causing fainting (syncope) and
cardiac arrest.
27 year old male presents to the ED with chest pain onset 2
hours ago. Pain began while pt was at rest, sitting on the couch.
Pt reports difficulty breathing and increase pain on inhalation.
,Vital signs: BP 92/63, HR 112, RR 28. Pt has no prior cardiac or
respiratory history. Which diagnostic test and nursing diagnosis
would be most appropriate for this patient?
A. EKG, Acute Pain r/t Muscle Strain
B. Chest X-Ray, Ineffective airway clearance r/t Tension
Pneumothorax
C. CT Chest, Ineffective breathing pattern r/t Open
Pneumothorax
D. Basic Metabolic Panel, Risk for hypoxia r/t Respiratory
Acidosis - correct answer- Correct answer: B
Rationale: This patient experienced a spontaneous
pneumothorax that progressed into a tension pneumothorax in
the time it took for him to seek medical treatment. The patient's
VS suggest vascular impairment and potential shock. The
progression of respiratory distress should lead the RN to think
tension pneumo vs a stable or closed pneumo.
A: Incorrect because the scenario does not suggest the patient
experienced any trauma to cause the muscle strain and an EKG
could not contribute to the diagnosis
C: Incorrect because the patient did not experience any trauma
to cause an open pneumothorax and the primary issue is the
patient's airway clearance, not breathing pattern
D: Incorrect because, it just is :) :)
, A 60 year old male patient comes into the ER, complaining of
blurred vision. A urinalysis is performed with results of blood in
the urine, the medical team begins to suspect Nephrosclerosis.
What would the nurse expect to find in the patients medical
history?
A. Hypertension
B. Urolithiasis
C. Cystitis
D. Agenesis - correct answer- A. Hypertension: is the
correct answer since a patient with a chronic history of
hypertension would cause the vessels in the kidnes to harden
and become narrow of time. this would be a condition found in a
patient before they have prolonged kidney damage, and cause
nephrosclerosis.
B. is incorrect: because this is a condition with kidney stones,
that is not a cause of nephrosclerosis
C. Is incorrect because it is a bladder infection and doesn't cause
neprhrosclerosis
D.is incorrect because agenesis is a developmental failur of one
kidney to develop, and is normally found to be asymptomatic.
A compound fracture is an example of?
WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - Complications -
correct answer- -Cardiac arrest (cessation of all heart
activity)
-arrhythmia (irregular heart beat)
-bradycardia
-sudden cardiac death
- No complications for 1st degree heart block
1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - Manifestations -
correct answer- First degree: no symptoms or
treatment; prolonged PR interval
Second degree: mild symptoms (fatigue, chest pain, shortness of
breath, nausea), may treat with pacemaker; dropped QRS
complex
Third degree: sudden onset of dizziness, fatigue, shortness of
breath, low heart rate, cardiac arrest, may need defibrillation
and pacemaker
,1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - PATHO - correct
answer- Hear Block occurs when electrical conduction is
excessively delayed or stopped at the AV node or Bundle of His.
First degree: the conduction delay prolongs the PR interval, the
time between the atrial and ventricular contractions.
Second degree: the longer delay leads periodically to a missed
ventricular contraction. Cardiac output is periodically decreased.
(Type 1: every second to third atrial beat is dropped at the AV
node) (Type 2: electrical signal sometimes gets to ventricle and
sometimes does not; can lead to total heart block)
Third degree (total block): there is no transmission of impulses
from the atria to the ventricles. The ventricles contract
spontaneously at a slow rate of 30-45 beats per minute, totally
independent of the atrial contraction, with continues normally.
Cardiac output is greatly reduced, causing fainting (syncope) and
cardiac arrest.
27 year old male presents to the ED with chest pain onset 2
hours ago. Pain began while pt was at rest, sitting on the couch.
Pt reports difficulty breathing and increase pain on inhalation.
,Vital signs: BP 92/63, HR 112, RR 28. Pt has no prior cardiac or
respiratory history. Which diagnostic test and nursing diagnosis
would be most appropriate for this patient?
A. EKG, Acute Pain r/t Muscle Strain
B. Chest X-Ray, Ineffective airway clearance r/t Tension
Pneumothorax
C. CT Chest, Ineffective breathing pattern r/t Open
Pneumothorax
D. Basic Metabolic Panel, Risk for hypoxia r/t Respiratory
Acidosis - correct answer- Correct answer: B
Rationale: This patient experienced a spontaneous
pneumothorax that progressed into a tension pneumothorax in
the time it took for him to seek medical treatment. The patient's
VS suggest vascular impairment and potential shock. The
progression of respiratory distress should lead the RN to think
tension pneumo vs a stable or closed pneumo.
A: Incorrect because the scenario does not suggest the patient
experienced any trauma to cause the muscle strain and an EKG
could not contribute to the diagnosis
C: Incorrect because the patient did not experience any trauma
to cause an open pneumothorax and the primary issue is the
patient's airway clearance, not breathing pattern
D: Incorrect because, it just is :) :)
, A 60 year old male patient comes into the ER, complaining of
blurred vision. A urinalysis is performed with results of blood in
the urine, the medical team begins to suspect Nephrosclerosis.
What would the nurse expect to find in the patients medical
history?
A. Hypertension
B. Urolithiasis
C. Cystitis
D. Agenesis - correct answer- A. Hypertension: is the
correct answer since a patient with a chronic history of
hypertension would cause the vessels in the kidnes to harden
and become narrow of time. this would be a condition found in a
patient before they have prolonged kidney damage, and cause
nephrosclerosis.
B. is incorrect: because this is a condition with kidney stones,
that is not a cause of nephrosclerosis
C. Is incorrect because it is a bladder infection and doesn't cause
neprhrosclerosis
D.is incorrect because agenesis is a developmental failur of one
kidney to develop, and is normally found to be asymptomatic.
A compound fracture is an example of?
