FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING II EXAM SCRIPT
2026 TESTED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
◉ Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria.
Answer: -well defined body specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
◉ Florence Nightingale. Answer: defined nursing as both an art and
science, differentiated nursing from medicine, created freestanding
nursing education, published books; founder of modern nursing
◉ Clara Barton. Answer: established red cross; volunteered to care
for wounds and feed union soldiers during civil war; served as
supervisor of nurses for the army of James
◉ goals of nursing research. Answer: -improve care in clinical
setting
,-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics,
nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
◉ evidence-based practice (EBP). Answer: a problem-solving
approach to making clinical decisions, using the best evidence
available; blends both science and art of nursing so best outcomes
are achieved; may consist of specific nursing interventions or use
guidelines established for the care of patients
◉ steps in implementing EBP. Answer: Step 1: ask a question about a
clinical area of interest or an intervention
Step 2: collect the most relevant and best evidence
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence
Step 4: integrate the evidence w/ clinical expertise, patient
preferences, and values in making a decision to change
Step 5: evaluate the practice decision or change
◉ human dimensions that compose the whole person:. Answer:
physical, intellectual, environmental, spiritual, sociocultural, and
emotional
, ◉ acute illness. Answer: rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a
short time; examples: cold, diarrhea, pneumonia, appendicitis
◉ chronic illness. Answer: slow onset, characteristics: permanent
change, caused by change in anatomy, requires special patient
education, long period of care or support; examples: heart disease,
diabetes, lung diseases, and arthritis
◉ stages-of-illness behaviors. Answer: Stage 1: experiencing
symptoms
Stage 2: assuming the sick role
Stage 3: assuming a dependent role
Stage 4: achieving recovery and rehabilitation
◉ primary health promotion. Answer: directed towards
PROMOTING health and PREVENTING the development of disease
processes or injury; example: immunization clinic, family planning
services, accident prevention education
◉ secondary health promotion. Answer: focus on SCREENING for
early detection of disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of
any found; example: assessing children for normal growth and
development and encourage regular medical, dental and vision
exams
2026 TESTED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
◉ Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria.
Answer: -well defined body specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
◉ Florence Nightingale. Answer: defined nursing as both an art and
science, differentiated nursing from medicine, created freestanding
nursing education, published books; founder of modern nursing
◉ Clara Barton. Answer: established red cross; volunteered to care
for wounds and feed union soldiers during civil war; served as
supervisor of nurses for the army of James
◉ goals of nursing research. Answer: -improve care in clinical
setting
,-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics,
nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
◉ evidence-based practice (EBP). Answer: a problem-solving
approach to making clinical decisions, using the best evidence
available; blends both science and art of nursing so best outcomes
are achieved; may consist of specific nursing interventions or use
guidelines established for the care of patients
◉ steps in implementing EBP. Answer: Step 1: ask a question about a
clinical area of interest or an intervention
Step 2: collect the most relevant and best evidence
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence
Step 4: integrate the evidence w/ clinical expertise, patient
preferences, and values in making a decision to change
Step 5: evaluate the practice decision or change
◉ human dimensions that compose the whole person:. Answer:
physical, intellectual, environmental, spiritual, sociocultural, and
emotional
, ◉ acute illness. Answer: rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a
short time; examples: cold, diarrhea, pneumonia, appendicitis
◉ chronic illness. Answer: slow onset, characteristics: permanent
change, caused by change in anatomy, requires special patient
education, long period of care or support; examples: heart disease,
diabetes, lung diseases, and arthritis
◉ stages-of-illness behaviors. Answer: Stage 1: experiencing
symptoms
Stage 2: assuming the sick role
Stage 3: assuming a dependent role
Stage 4: achieving recovery and rehabilitation
◉ primary health promotion. Answer: directed towards
PROMOTING health and PREVENTING the development of disease
processes or injury; example: immunization clinic, family planning
services, accident prevention education
◉ secondary health promotion. Answer: focus on SCREENING for
early detection of disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of
any found; example: assessing children for normal growth and
development and encourage regular medical, dental and vision
exams
