A&P Chapter 1-3 exam Questions with
Accurate Answers
Anatomy - ANSWERSidentification and description of the structures of living things
Physiology - ANSWERSstudy of the function of the body's machinery
Cytology - ANSWERSstudy of cells
Histology - ANSWERSstudy of tissues
Embroyology - ANSWERSstudy of embryos and their development
Pathology - ANSWERSstudy of disease
Systemic - ANSWERSof or pertaining to the entire body; relating to a system or
systems
Principle of Complementarity - ANSWERSfunction always reflects structure; what a
structure can do depends on its specific form
6 levels of structural organization - ANSWERSchemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ
system, organismal
8 fundamental characteristic functions necessary to maintain life in humans (3 M, 2 R,
GED) - ANSWERS1. Maintain boundaries
2.Movement
3. Metabolism
4.Reproduction
5. Responsiveness
6. Growth
7. Excretion
8. Digestion
The 5 survival needs of the body - ANSWERS1. Nutrients
2.Oxygen
3. Water
4. Normal body temp (98.6)
5. Appropriate atmospheric pressure
Homeostasis - ANSWERSmaintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
, Negative feedback - ANSWERSa mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates
reactions that REDUCE the stimulus
ex. body cools down
Positive feedback - ANSWERSFeedback that tends to magnify a process or increase its
output.
Ex. blood clotting
Homeostatic imbalance - ANSWERSa disturbance in homeostasis resulting in disease
Anatomical position - ANSWERSstandard method of observing the body
Position
Standing
Feet together
Arms at side
Head and eyes forward
Palms forward
When describing organs, everything is mirror imaged (if it is your left, it is classified as
right)
Superior - ANSWERStowards the head/ above
Inferior - ANSWERStowards the feet/ below
Anterior - ANSWERSfront of the body
Posterior - ANSWERSback of the body
Ventral - ANSWERSfront/ belly side
Dorsal - ANSWERSback side
Medial - ANSWERStowards the midline/ middle
Lateral - ANSWERSaway from the midline/ towards the side
Distal - ANSWERSfarther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a
limb to the body trunk
Proximal - ANSWERSCloser to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of
a limb to the body trunk
Sagittal - ANSWERSA plane that divides the body into right and left portions.
Transverse - ANSWERSDivides body into upper and lower parts
Accurate Answers
Anatomy - ANSWERSidentification and description of the structures of living things
Physiology - ANSWERSstudy of the function of the body's machinery
Cytology - ANSWERSstudy of cells
Histology - ANSWERSstudy of tissues
Embroyology - ANSWERSstudy of embryos and their development
Pathology - ANSWERSstudy of disease
Systemic - ANSWERSof or pertaining to the entire body; relating to a system or
systems
Principle of Complementarity - ANSWERSfunction always reflects structure; what a
structure can do depends on its specific form
6 levels of structural organization - ANSWERSchemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ
system, organismal
8 fundamental characteristic functions necessary to maintain life in humans (3 M, 2 R,
GED) - ANSWERS1. Maintain boundaries
2.Movement
3. Metabolism
4.Reproduction
5. Responsiveness
6. Growth
7. Excretion
8. Digestion
The 5 survival needs of the body - ANSWERS1. Nutrients
2.Oxygen
3. Water
4. Normal body temp (98.6)
5. Appropriate atmospheric pressure
Homeostasis - ANSWERSmaintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
, Negative feedback - ANSWERSa mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates
reactions that REDUCE the stimulus
ex. body cools down
Positive feedback - ANSWERSFeedback that tends to magnify a process or increase its
output.
Ex. blood clotting
Homeostatic imbalance - ANSWERSa disturbance in homeostasis resulting in disease
Anatomical position - ANSWERSstandard method of observing the body
Position
Standing
Feet together
Arms at side
Head and eyes forward
Palms forward
When describing organs, everything is mirror imaged (if it is your left, it is classified as
right)
Superior - ANSWERStowards the head/ above
Inferior - ANSWERStowards the feet/ below
Anterior - ANSWERSfront of the body
Posterior - ANSWERSback of the body
Ventral - ANSWERSfront/ belly side
Dorsal - ANSWERSback side
Medial - ANSWERStowards the midline/ middle
Lateral - ANSWERSaway from the midline/ towards the side
Distal - ANSWERSfarther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a
limb to the body trunk
Proximal - ANSWERSCloser to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of
a limb to the body trunk
Sagittal - ANSWERSA plane that divides the body into right and left portions.
Transverse - ANSWERSDivides body into upper and lower parts
