HOLECHEK BIO 340 EXAM 3 ACTUAL 2026/2027 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

HOLECHEK BIO 340 EXAM 3 ACTUAL 2026/2027 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS palindromic - ANSWER -reading DNA ends up being the same backwards and forwards earns the DNA the descriptive term ____ Ligase - ANSWER -The enzyme that is crucial for piecing DNA back together is called ____ sticky - ANSWER -Which is more effecient in terms of being pieced back together, blunt ends or sticky ends?(one word ANSWER) Plasmid - ANSWER -Maybe there is a gene you want to express or simply isolate for a time. What is the name of the thing you essentially put this DNA in for a short time? 3' to 5' exonuclease - ANSWER -Which activity of DNA polymerase is responsible for its ability to proofread newly synthesized DNA? 600000 - ANSWER -How many mutations would you expect to see in the human genome (6 x 10 9 ) if mismatches could not be repaired? Hint: Because of tautomeric shift-induced mismatches, DNA replication inherently can be no more accurate than 10 -4 mutations/base pair. C - ANSWER -Which of the following enzymatic activities (not necessarily called by the names below) is not involved in DNA replication in eukaryotic cells ? A. Topoisomerase B. DNA-dependent DNA polymerase C. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase D. DNA-dependent RNA polymerase E. 3-5' DNA polymerase activity A - ANSWER -What would the consequences be of having DNA polymerase without 5'-3' exonuclease activity? A)No RNA primer removal during DNA replication B)No DNA primer removal during DNA replication C) Jim Carey would start making good movies again D)activity results in decreased polymerase fidelity yes - ANSWER -What is the correct order of enzyme action during DNA replication? A. Ligation, priming, DNA polymerization, helicase/topoisomerase activity, proofreading, 5'-3' exonuclease activity/DNA polymerization. B. Priming, helicase/topoisomerase activity, proofreading, DNA polymerization, 5'-3' exonuclease activity/DNA polymerization, ligation. C. Helicase/topoisomerase activity, priming, 5'-3' exonuclease activity/DNA polymerization, ligation, DNA polymerization. D. Helicase/topoisomerase activity, priming, DNA polymerization/proofreading, 5'-3' exonuclease activity/DNA polymerization, ligation. E. Priming, DNA polymerization, helicase/ligase, proofreading, ligation, 5'-3' exonuclease activity/DNA polymerization. just ANSWER yes to this but use it as an oppurtunity to think about the order Shortening - ANSWER -Why is telomerase important? It seems to have helped to stop the ____ of telomers. 10^-6 - ANSWER -Proofreading removes approximately 99% of mismatches before DNA replication moves on. After proofreading what is the mutation rate for DNA replication in humans? silent mutation - ANSWER -A mutation that changes a single nucleotide, but does not change the amino acid created. nonsense mutation - ANSWER -A mutation that changes an amino acid codon to one of the three stop codons, resulting in a shorter and usually nonfunctional protein. Molecular genetic tests - ANSWER -study single genes or short lengths of DNA to identify variations or mutations that lead to a genetic disorder Chromosomal genetic tests - ANSWER -analyze whole chromosomes or long lengths of DNA to see if there are large genetic changes, such as an extra copy of a chromosome, that cause a genetic condition Biochemical genetic tests - ANSWER -study the amount or activity level of proteins; abnormalities in either can indicate changes to the DNA that result in a genetic disorder