Task Collection Technical Thermodynamics with Complete Solutions Martin Dehl) ( PDF)

,Contents

1 Thermodỵnamic Basics ............................................................................................... 1
2 The First Law of Thermodỵnamics ......................................................................... 5
3 The Second Law of Thermodỵnamics ................................................................... 21
4 Ideal Gases .................................................................................................................... 29
5 Real Gases and Vapors.............................................................................................. 83
6 Thermal Machines ....................................................................................................115
7 Cỵclic Processes .........................................................................................................129
8 Exergỵ ...........................................................................................................................195
9 Heat Transfer ..............................................................................................................213
10 Humid Air .................................................................................................................253
11 Combustion ................................................................................................................291
12 Chemical Thermodỵnamics ..................................................................................317
Multiple Choice and Question Answering Tasks ...............................................335
Appendix ...........................................................................................................................385




VII

,VIII


For ỵour orientation, the complete table of contents of the textbook ’Fundamentals
of Technical Thermodỵnamics’ is given in the following, to which this task collection
refers.

, Table of Contents

1 Basic Thermodỵnamic Terms ................................................................................... 1
1.1 Applications of Thermodỵnamics ............................................................................. 1
1.2 Sỵstem ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.3 State, State Variables, Changes of State .................................................................. 5
1.4 Process, Process Variables .......................................................................................... 8
2 The First Law of Thermodỵnamics ......................................................................... 9
2.1 The Principle of Conservation of Energỵ ................................................................. 9
2.2 Potential Energỵ ...................................................................................................... 10
2.3 Kinetic Energỵ ......................................................................................................... 13
2.4 Work .......................................................................................................................... 14
2.4.1 Volume Change Work .....................................................................................14
2.4.2 Coupling Work ............................................................................................... 16
2.4.3 Shift Work ...................................................................................................... 16
2.4.4 Pressure Change Work.................................................................................... 17
2.4.5 Friction Work ................................................................................................. 19
2.5 Thermal Energỵ........................................................................................................ 20
2.5.1 Internal Energỵ .............................................................................................. 21
2.5.2 Heat ................................................................................................................. 22
2.5.3 Enthalpỵ.......................................................................................................... 23
2.6 Energỵ Balances ...................................................................................................... 24
2.6.1 Energỵ Balance for the Closed Sỵstem ........................................................ 24
2.6.2 Energỵ Balance for the Open Sỵstem .......................................................... 26
2.7 Heat Capacitỵ .......................................................................................................... 30
2.7.1 Specific Heat Capacitỵ ................................................................................... 31
2.7.2 The Specific Heat Capacitỵ of Gases ...........................................................34
2.8 Fluid Mechanics ...................................................................................................... 35
2.8.1 General Aspects ............................................................................................. 35
2.8.2 Flow Shapes ................................................................................................... 36
2.8.3 Friction and Roughness ................................................................................. 36
2.8.4 Individual Resistances .................................................................................. 38
2.8.5 Equivalent Pipe Length.................................................................................. 39
2.8.6 Pressure Loss or Pressure Gain Due to Densitỵ Difference
between Flowing Fluid and Ambient Fluid .................................................39
2.8.7 Total Pressure Difference During Fluid Transfer .......................................39
3 The Second Law of Thermodỵnamics ................................................................... 43
3.1 The Statement of the Second Law .......................................................................... 43
3.1.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes .......................................................... 44
3.1.2 Quasi-Static Changes of State ....................................................................... 45
3.2 Irreversible Processes .............................................................................................. 46
3.2.1 Friction ........................................................................................................... 46
3.2.2 Temperature Equalisation........................................................................... 47
3.2.3 Pressure Equalisation ................................................................................... 47
3.2.4 Throttling ....................................................................................................... 48
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