NUR 257 Chronic Exam 2 LATEST 2026 UPDATE 100
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
FROM ACTUAL EXAMS TEST GRADE A+
1.
A client with chronic heart failure reports sudden weight gain of 2.5 kg in 2 days.
What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Increase diuretic dose
B. Restrict fluids immediately
C. Notify the healthcare provider
D. Encourage increased activity
Answer: C. Notify the healthcare provider
Rationale: Rapid weight gain indicates fluid retention and worsening heart failure
requiring medical evaluation.
2.
Which symptom is most indicative of left-sided heart failure?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Jugular vein distention
C. Crackles in lungs
D. Ascites
Answer: C. Crackles in lungs
Rationale: Left-sided failure causes pulmonary congestion leading to crackles.
3.
,A client with COPD should be placed in which position for optimal breathing?
A. Supine
B. Trendelenburg
C. High Fowler’s
D. Prone
Answer: C. High Fowler’s
Rationale: Upright positioning improves lung expansion and oxygenation.
4.
Which finding indicates effective oxygen therapy in COPD?
A. Increased PaCO₂
B. Decreased respiratory rate with improved alertness
C. Cyanosis
D. Decreased oxygen saturation
Answer: B. Decreased respiratory rate with improved alertness
Rationale: Improved oxygenation reduces respiratory distress.
5.
A diabetic patient reports blurred vision and frequent urination. What is the
priority nursing action?
A. Check blood glucose level
B. Administer insulin
C. Encourage fluids
D. Assess foot sensation
Answer: A. Check blood glucose level
Rationale: Symptoms suggest hyperglycemia requiring immediate glucose
assessment.
,6.
Which diet is most appropriate for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
A. High potassium, high sodium
B. High protein, high phosphorus
C. Low sodium, controlled protein
D. High fluid intake
Answer: C. Low sodium, controlled protein
Rationale: CKD management includes limiting sodium and protein to reduce
kidney workload.
7.
A client with rheumatoid arthritis should be taught to:
A. Avoid all exercise
B. Rest joints completely
C. Perform regular low-impact exercise
D. Immobilize affected joints
Answer: C. Perform regular low-impact exercise
Rationale: Exercise maintains joint mobility and reduces stiffness.
8.
Which lab value is most concerning in a client on long-term corticosteroids?
A. Elevated glucose
B. Low sodium
C. High potassium
D. Low calcium
, Answer: A. Elevated glucose
Rationale: Corticosteroids commonly cause hyperglycemia.
9.
A client with asthma uses a rescue inhaler. What indicates correct use?
A. Uses it only at night
B. Uses before symptoms start
C. Uses during acute shortness of breath
D. Uses once weekly
Answer: C. Uses during acute shortness of breath
Rationale: Rescue inhalers are for acute bronchospasm relief.
10.
Which symptom suggests hypoglycemia?
A. Fruity breath
B. Sweating and tremors
C. Deep rapid breathing
D. Polyuria
Answer: B. Sweating and tremors
Rationale: Hypoglycemia activates sympathetic nervous system response.
11.
A patient with chronic liver disease is at risk for which complication?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Ascites
C. Polycythemia
D. Hypoglycemia only
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
FROM ACTUAL EXAMS TEST GRADE A+
1.
A client with chronic heart failure reports sudden weight gain of 2.5 kg in 2 days.
What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Increase diuretic dose
B. Restrict fluids immediately
C. Notify the healthcare provider
D. Encourage increased activity
Answer: C. Notify the healthcare provider
Rationale: Rapid weight gain indicates fluid retention and worsening heart failure
requiring medical evaluation.
2.
Which symptom is most indicative of left-sided heart failure?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Jugular vein distention
C. Crackles in lungs
D. Ascites
Answer: C. Crackles in lungs
Rationale: Left-sided failure causes pulmonary congestion leading to crackles.
3.
,A client with COPD should be placed in which position for optimal breathing?
A. Supine
B. Trendelenburg
C. High Fowler’s
D. Prone
Answer: C. High Fowler’s
Rationale: Upright positioning improves lung expansion and oxygenation.
4.
Which finding indicates effective oxygen therapy in COPD?
A. Increased PaCO₂
B. Decreased respiratory rate with improved alertness
C. Cyanosis
D. Decreased oxygen saturation
Answer: B. Decreased respiratory rate with improved alertness
Rationale: Improved oxygenation reduces respiratory distress.
5.
A diabetic patient reports blurred vision and frequent urination. What is the
priority nursing action?
A. Check blood glucose level
B. Administer insulin
C. Encourage fluids
D. Assess foot sensation
Answer: A. Check blood glucose level
Rationale: Symptoms suggest hyperglycemia requiring immediate glucose
assessment.
,6.
Which diet is most appropriate for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
A. High potassium, high sodium
B. High protein, high phosphorus
C. Low sodium, controlled protein
D. High fluid intake
Answer: C. Low sodium, controlled protein
Rationale: CKD management includes limiting sodium and protein to reduce
kidney workload.
7.
A client with rheumatoid arthritis should be taught to:
A. Avoid all exercise
B. Rest joints completely
C. Perform regular low-impact exercise
D. Immobilize affected joints
Answer: C. Perform regular low-impact exercise
Rationale: Exercise maintains joint mobility and reduces stiffness.
8.
Which lab value is most concerning in a client on long-term corticosteroids?
A. Elevated glucose
B. Low sodium
C. High potassium
D. Low calcium
, Answer: A. Elevated glucose
Rationale: Corticosteroids commonly cause hyperglycemia.
9.
A client with asthma uses a rescue inhaler. What indicates correct use?
A. Uses it only at night
B. Uses before symptoms start
C. Uses during acute shortness of breath
D. Uses once weekly
Answer: C. Uses during acute shortness of breath
Rationale: Rescue inhalers are for acute bronchospasm relief.
10.
Which symptom suggests hypoglycemia?
A. Fruity breath
B. Sweating and tremors
C. Deep rapid breathing
D. Polyuria
Answer: B. Sweating and tremors
Rationale: Hypoglycemia activates sympathetic nervous system response.
11.
A patient with chronic liver disease is at risk for which complication?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Ascites
C. Polycythemia
D. Hypoglycemia only
