Introduction to Cryptography - D334 Shawn C839v5/D334 All-In-One Stud
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ecw9un
1. Changing plaintext into ciphertext Encryption
(Should be applied in at rest and in transit)
2. Changing ciphertext to plaintext Decryption
3. Encrypt individual files and full disks with options such Aescrypt
as BitLocker and FileVault
4. Mapping from our alphabet to a number of cipher Polyalphabetic
alphabets.
Added complexity in early cryptosystems.
5. Single mapping from our alphabet to a cipher alpha- Mono-Alphabetic
bet is created.
Many early cryptosystems.
6. Considered un-breakable since it only uses its cipher One-Time Pad
code once.
7. Method repeats the random numbers after a given Pseudo-Random Number
time. (periodic) Generators (PRNGs)
They are fast and deterministic.
Useful in producing repeatable set of random num-
bers.
8. Method generates a true random number and uses True Random Number
some form of random process. One approach is to Generators (TRNGs)
monitor the movements of a mouse pointer on a
screen or from the pauses between keystrokes. Over-
all, the method is generally slow, especially if it in-
volves human interaction, but is non-deterministic
and aperiodic.
, Introduction to Cryptography - D334 Shawn C839v5/D334 All-In-One Stud
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ecw9un
9. Cipher cracking methodology that involves identifying Frequency Analysis
patterns and variations in the probability of codes.
i.e. a three-letter ciphered text combination spotted
at the beginning of a string too often could tip us off
that those three letters correlate the letters THE in the
English alphabet.
10. measures level of unpredictability Entropy
11. Two common binary to characters encoding methods ASCII (8bit value, up to
256 characters)
UTF-16 (16bit values, up
to 65,536 characters)
12. 8 bit value, up to 256 characters ASCII
13. 16 bit value, up to 65,536 characters UTF-16
14. Tamper-evident and intrusion-resistant physical de- Hardware Security Mod-
vice that safeguards and manages cryptographic keys ule (HSM)
and provides cryptographic processing.
15. Which encryption is more efficient? Hardware
16. Dedicated processor that handles hardware-level en- Trusted platform module
cryption; allows the use of full disk encryption on a (TPM)
hard drive in a manner that minimizes the impact on
system performance.
Contains the encryption keys.
17. value which only has factors of 1 and itself Prime Number
, Introduction to Cryptography - D334 Shawn C839v5/D334 All-In-One Stud
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ecw9un
18. Determine the likelihood of an event happening, typ- Probability
ically by understanding the chances of how each of
the elements involved in an event interact, and the
likelihood of them happening. >> Dependent, Inde-
pendent, and mutually exclusive
19. Mono- alphabetic substitution cipher that makes use Pigpen
of mapping plaintext characters to graphical char-
acters rather than to alphabetic ones. i.e. A=(pick a
symbol), vs A=(pick a letter). Disadvantage: once the
mapping is known, it is difficult to keep the message
secret.
20. 5 × 5 matrix containing the alphabet less the letter Playfair
J. Cipher/decipher process consists of a set of rules
outlining use of column and row combinations.
21. Mono-alphabetic substitution cipher known as "shift" Caesar
cipher. Involves plaintext being replaced by a letter
some fixed number of positions down the alphabet.
i.e., using a shift of +3 would mean a plaintext letter
A would result in a ciphertext letter D (a shift of three
positions to the right in the alphabet)
22. Polyalphabetic cipher that involves using a different Vigenère
mapping, based on a keyword, for each character of
the cipher. An advantage of this type of cipher is that
the same plaintext character is likely to be coded to
different mappings, depending on the position of the
keyword, making guessing more difficult.
23. Four-square Cipher
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ecw9un
1. Changing plaintext into ciphertext Encryption
(Should be applied in at rest and in transit)
2. Changing ciphertext to plaintext Decryption
3. Encrypt individual files and full disks with options such Aescrypt
as BitLocker and FileVault
4. Mapping from our alphabet to a number of cipher Polyalphabetic
alphabets.
Added complexity in early cryptosystems.
5. Single mapping from our alphabet to a cipher alpha- Mono-Alphabetic
bet is created.
Many early cryptosystems.
6. Considered un-breakable since it only uses its cipher One-Time Pad
code once.
7. Method repeats the random numbers after a given Pseudo-Random Number
time. (periodic) Generators (PRNGs)
They are fast and deterministic.
Useful in producing repeatable set of random num-
bers.
8. Method generates a true random number and uses True Random Number
some form of random process. One approach is to Generators (TRNGs)
monitor the movements of a mouse pointer on a
screen or from the pauses between keystrokes. Over-
all, the method is generally slow, especially if it in-
volves human interaction, but is non-deterministic
and aperiodic.
, Introduction to Cryptography - D334 Shawn C839v5/D334 All-In-One Stud
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ecw9un
9. Cipher cracking methodology that involves identifying Frequency Analysis
patterns and variations in the probability of codes.
i.e. a three-letter ciphered text combination spotted
at the beginning of a string too often could tip us off
that those three letters correlate the letters THE in the
English alphabet.
10. measures level of unpredictability Entropy
11. Two common binary to characters encoding methods ASCII (8bit value, up to
256 characters)
UTF-16 (16bit values, up
to 65,536 characters)
12. 8 bit value, up to 256 characters ASCII
13. 16 bit value, up to 65,536 characters UTF-16
14. Tamper-evident and intrusion-resistant physical de- Hardware Security Mod-
vice that safeguards and manages cryptographic keys ule (HSM)
and provides cryptographic processing.
15. Which encryption is more efficient? Hardware
16. Dedicated processor that handles hardware-level en- Trusted platform module
cryption; allows the use of full disk encryption on a (TPM)
hard drive in a manner that minimizes the impact on
system performance.
Contains the encryption keys.
17. value which only has factors of 1 and itself Prime Number
, Introduction to Cryptography - D334 Shawn C839v5/D334 All-In-One Stud
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ecw9un
18. Determine the likelihood of an event happening, typ- Probability
ically by understanding the chances of how each of
the elements involved in an event interact, and the
likelihood of them happening. >> Dependent, Inde-
pendent, and mutually exclusive
19. Mono- alphabetic substitution cipher that makes use Pigpen
of mapping plaintext characters to graphical char-
acters rather than to alphabetic ones. i.e. A=(pick a
symbol), vs A=(pick a letter). Disadvantage: once the
mapping is known, it is difficult to keep the message
secret.
20. 5 × 5 matrix containing the alphabet less the letter Playfair
J. Cipher/decipher process consists of a set of rules
outlining use of column and row combinations.
21. Mono-alphabetic substitution cipher known as "shift" Caesar
cipher. Involves plaintext being replaced by a letter
some fixed number of positions down the alphabet.
i.e., using a shift of +3 would mean a plaintext letter
A would result in a ciphertext letter D (a shift of three
positions to the right in the alphabet)
22. Polyalphabetic cipher that involves using a different Vigenère
mapping, based on a keyword, for each character of
the cipher. An advantage of this type of cipher is that
the same plaintext character is likely to be coded to
different mappings, depending on the position of the
keyword, making guessing more difficult.
23. Four-square Cipher
