NSG550 / NSG 550 EXAM 2
Diagnostic Reasoning for Nurse Practitioners -
Wilkes
Actual Questions and Answers
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Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
,**Q1: What factors can cause variability in pulmonary function tests/s spirometry?**
Correct Answer:
Variability in pulmonary function tests can be influenced by several factors, including:
- **Age:** Lung function naturally declines with age.
- **Sex:** Typically, women may have smaller lung volumes than men.
- **Height:** Taller individuals generally have larger lung volumes.
- **Weight:** Obesity can restrict lung expansion and function.
**Q2: What is the purpose of pulmonary function tests/spirometry?**
Correct Answer:
Pulmonary function tests are used to evaluate:
- The general health and capability of the lungs (pulmonary reserve).
- The response to bronchodilator therapy.
- Differentiating between restrictive and obstructive chronic pulmonary diseases.
- The overall capacity of the lungs.
- They can also assist in evaluating inhalation allergies.
**Q3: What specific tests are included in pulmonary function tests?**
Correct Answer:
Tests typically included are:
- **Spirometry:** Measures airflow and volume.
- **Airflow measurement:** Assesses how quickly air can be exhaled.
- **Lung volume tests:** Determine the total volume of air the lungs can hold.
- **Lung capacity tests:** Evaluate the total volume of air inhaled or exhaled.
,### Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1)
**Q4: What does forced vital capacity (FVC) measure?**
Correct Answer:
FVC measures the total amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled from a maximally
inflated lung position, indicating lung capacity and function.
**Q5: What does a reduced FVC suggest?**
Correct Answer:
A reduced FVC may indicate both obstructive and restrictive pulmonary diseases, suggesting
a limitation in lung expansion or airflow.
**Q6: What is forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)?**
Correct Answer:
FEV1 is the volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled in the first second during the FVC
maneuver, providing critical information about airway obstruction.
**Q7: What findings are associated with FEV1 in obstructive pulmonary disease?**
Correct Answer:
In obstructive pulmonary disease:
- Airway narrowing occurs.
- There is increased resistance to airflow.
, - FEV1 values are typically reduced below predicted levels due to difficulty expelling air.
**Q8: What findings are associated with FEV1 in restrictive lung disease?**
Correct Answer:
In restrictive lung disease:
- FEV1 may be decreased not due to airway resistance but because of a reduced amount of
air available to inhale.
**Q9: What is a normal FEV1/FVC ratio in restrictive lung disease?**
Correct Answer:
The normal FEV1/FVC ratio in restrictive lung diseases is approximately 80%.
**Q10: What is a normal FEV1/FVC ratio in obstructive lung disease?**
Correct Answer:
The FEV1/FVC ratio in obstructive lung disease is less than 80%, indicating significant
obstruction.
**Q11: Under what condition will the FEV1 value reliably improve?**
Correct Answer:
FEV1 improvement is typically noted after bronchodilator therapy in cases where an
underlying spastic component contributes to obstructive pulmonary disease.
**Q12: What constitutes normal results on spirometry?**
Diagnostic Reasoning for Nurse Practitioners -
Wilkes
Actual Questions and Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
This Exam contains:
100% Guarantee Pass.
Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
,**Q1: What factors can cause variability in pulmonary function tests/s spirometry?**
Correct Answer:
Variability in pulmonary function tests can be influenced by several factors, including:
- **Age:** Lung function naturally declines with age.
- **Sex:** Typically, women may have smaller lung volumes than men.
- **Height:** Taller individuals generally have larger lung volumes.
- **Weight:** Obesity can restrict lung expansion and function.
**Q2: What is the purpose of pulmonary function tests/spirometry?**
Correct Answer:
Pulmonary function tests are used to evaluate:
- The general health and capability of the lungs (pulmonary reserve).
- The response to bronchodilator therapy.
- Differentiating between restrictive and obstructive chronic pulmonary diseases.
- The overall capacity of the lungs.
- They can also assist in evaluating inhalation allergies.
**Q3: What specific tests are included in pulmonary function tests?**
Correct Answer:
Tests typically included are:
- **Spirometry:** Measures airflow and volume.
- **Airflow measurement:** Assesses how quickly air can be exhaled.
- **Lung volume tests:** Determine the total volume of air the lungs can hold.
- **Lung capacity tests:** Evaluate the total volume of air inhaled or exhaled.
,### Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1)
**Q4: What does forced vital capacity (FVC) measure?**
Correct Answer:
FVC measures the total amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled from a maximally
inflated lung position, indicating lung capacity and function.
**Q5: What does a reduced FVC suggest?**
Correct Answer:
A reduced FVC may indicate both obstructive and restrictive pulmonary diseases, suggesting
a limitation in lung expansion or airflow.
**Q6: What is forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)?**
Correct Answer:
FEV1 is the volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled in the first second during the FVC
maneuver, providing critical information about airway obstruction.
**Q7: What findings are associated with FEV1 in obstructive pulmonary disease?**
Correct Answer:
In obstructive pulmonary disease:
- Airway narrowing occurs.
- There is increased resistance to airflow.
, - FEV1 values are typically reduced below predicted levels due to difficulty expelling air.
**Q8: What findings are associated with FEV1 in restrictive lung disease?**
Correct Answer:
In restrictive lung disease:
- FEV1 may be decreased not due to airway resistance but because of a reduced amount of
air available to inhale.
**Q9: What is a normal FEV1/FVC ratio in restrictive lung disease?**
Correct Answer:
The normal FEV1/FVC ratio in restrictive lung diseases is approximately 80%.
**Q10: What is a normal FEV1/FVC ratio in obstructive lung disease?**
Correct Answer:
The FEV1/FVC ratio in obstructive lung disease is less than 80%, indicating significant
obstruction.
**Q11: Under what condition will the FEV1 value reliably improve?**
Correct Answer:
FEV1 improvement is typically noted after bronchodilator therapy in cases where an
underlying spastic component contributes to obstructive pulmonary disease.
**Q12: What constitutes normal results on spirometry?**
