Anatomy and Physiology 2
Exam 1 Study Guide and
Practice Questions Complete
Verified Answers 2026/ 2027
What are the components of Blood?
-Plasma (55%)
-Formed elements (45%)
-Erythrocytes
-Leukocytes
-Thrombocytes
What is the function of hemoglobin?
-The main functional unit of the red blood cell.
-Carries oxygen.
Blood cells start off as ___ in cell development.
Hemocytoblast
Hemocytoblast split into two main groups; What are they?
Myeloid stem cells and Lymphoid stem cells.
Newly formed red blood cells that still contain remnants of the Endoplasmic
Recticulum are known as ___.
Reticulocytes.
, Monocytes differentiate into ___.
Macrophages.
What does the body make in low oxygen environment, such as high altitudes?
Erythropoietin (EPO)
What do Erythropoietin (EPO) do?
Triggers the production of erythrocytes in the red bone marrow.
What nutrient is needed to prevent pernicious anemia?
Vitamin b12
Hemoglobin is broken down into two parts, Heme and Globin. What happens to
Globin after the break down?
Globin is further broken into amino acids and then metabolized by macrophages
or released to the blood stream.
What are the two main groups of white blood cells?
-Granulocytes
-Agranulocytes
What are the three types of Granulocytes and there functions?
-Neutrophils: Phagocytic, first to arrive at site of infection.
-Eosinophils: Defends against parasites.
-Basophiles: Releases histamine and heparin, appear in
allergic tissues.
What are the two types of Agranulocytes and there functions?
-Monocytes: Releases chemokins to attract neutrophils, leaves blood to become
macrophages.
-Lymphocytes: Composed of T, B, and NK cells, T cells are important for immunity,
B cells produce antibodies.
What are the 4 major plasma proteins and there functions.
Exam 1 Study Guide and
Practice Questions Complete
Verified Answers 2026/ 2027
What are the components of Blood?
-Plasma (55%)
-Formed elements (45%)
-Erythrocytes
-Leukocytes
-Thrombocytes
What is the function of hemoglobin?
-The main functional unit of the red blood cell.
-Carries oxygen.
Blood cells start off as ___ in cell development.
Hemocytoblast
Hemocytoblast split into two main groups; What are they?
Myeloid stem cells and Lymphoid stem cells.
Newly formed red blood cells that still contain remnants of the Endoplasmic
Recticulum are known as ___.
Reticulocytes.
, Monocytes differentiate into ___.
Macrophages.
What does the body make in low oxygen environment, such as high altitudes?
Erythropoietin (EPO)
What do Erythropoietin (EPO) do?
Triggers the production of erythrocytes in the red bone marrow.
What nutrient is needed to prevent pernicious anemia?
Vitamin b12
Hemoglobin is broken down into two parts, Heme and Globin. What happens to
Globin after the break down?
Globin is further broken into amino acids and then metabolized by macrophages
or released to the blood stream.
What are the two main groups of white blood cells?
-Granulocytes
-Agranulocytes
What are the three types of Granulocytes and there functions?
-Neutrophils: Phagocytic, first to arrive at site of infection.
-Eosinophils: Defends against parasites.
-Basophiles: Releases histamine and heparin, appear in
allergic tissues.
What are the two types of Agranulocytes and there functions?
-Monocytes: Releases chemokins to attract neutrophils, leaves blood to become
macrophages.
-Lymphocytes: Composed of T, B, and NK cells, T cells are important for immunity,
B cells produce antibodies.
What are the 4 major plasma proteins and there functions.
