NUR 6130 EXAM 2 COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE
1. A nurse is assessing a child with a tick-borne disease. What finding would
indicate to the nurse that the child has developed ehrlichiosis and not Rocky
Mountain spotted fever (RMSF)?
A. Fever
B. Malaise
C. Headache
D. Absence of rash
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: RMSF classically presents with a rash (often petechial) appearing 2–5
days after fever onset. Ehrlichiosis may have no rash or only a late, mild rash;
therefore, absence of rash is a key distinguishing feature.
2. A newborn’s mother is discovered to be HBsAg positive. Which of the following
would you recommend for this infant?
A. Give the infant hepatitis B immunoglobulin only
B. Give the infant both hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin
C. Give the infant hepatitis B vaccine only
D. Observe without intervention
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To prevent perinatal hepatitis B transmission, the infant should receive
hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine within
12 hours of birth.
,3. Which of the following would be the most appropriate initial management of a
newborn diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)?
A. Observe and reexamine at a 2-week well-child visit
B. Triple diapering in nursery
C. Pavlik harness
D. Surgical reduction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For a newborn with DDH, the Pavlik harness is the standard initial
treatment to maintain hip flexion and abduction, allowing concentric reduction.
Observation or triple diapering is not primary management.
4. Radiographic findings of disease progression and sphericity of the femoral head
is helpful in the diagnosis and follow up of?
A. Transient synovitis of the hip
B. Osgood-Schlatter disease
C. Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
D. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, avascular necrosis of the femoral head
leads to loss of sphericity. Serial radiographs assess femoral head collapse and
re-ossification.
5. Which of the following is a true statement regarding pes planus in an infant?
A. It should be evaluated by a pediatric orthopedist if spontaneous correction
does not occur by age 12 months.
B. The fat pads on an infant’s feet can mimic pes planus.
C. It is always corrected by wearing special orthopedic shoes.
D. It is also called talipes equinovarus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In infants, medial foot fat pads create the appearance of flat feet (pes
planus). This is normal and typically resolves as the child grows.
,6. Which of the following disorders is usually associated with adduction of the
forefoot?
A. Internal femoral torsion
B. Idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus
C. Genu valgum
D. Internal tibial torsion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) involves adduction
of the forefoot, varus of the hindfoot, and equinus. Forefoot adduction is a
hallmark feature.
7. One of the most commonly suggested reasons for primary enuresis is:
A. Certain medications, such as theophylline
B. Genitourinary abnormalities
C. Family disruptions and stress
D. Delayed maturation of voiding inhibitory reflex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Primary enuresis is most often attributed to delayed maturation of the
CNS pathways that inhibit the micturition reflex during sleep. Organic causes are
less common.
8. A 10-year-old came to the office due to a raised, red, excoriated rash on his
right facial cheek and nasal area. The rash has a golden yellow, crusty exudate.
What would you anticipate the diagnosis to be?
A. Atopic dermatitis
B. Herpes simplex
C. Impetigo
D. Contact dermatitis
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: Golden-yellow crusted exudate is pathognomonic for impetigo, usually
caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes.
9. A 6-month-old infant is brought in for a well-child visit. Which reflex would still
be present at this age?
A. Moro reflex
B. Stepping reflex
C. Rooting reflex
D. Parachute reflex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The parachute reflex appears around 6–9 months and persists. Moro,
stepping, and rooting reflexes disappear by 4–6 months.
10. A mother reports that her 2-year-old has been pulling on his left ear for 3 days
but has no fever or other symptoms. Otoscopic exam shows a translucent, mobile
tympanic membrane. What is the most appropriate next step?
A. Amoxicillin 80-90 mg/kg/day for 10 days
B. Observation without antibiotics
C. Tympanostomy tube placement
D. Referral to ENT for myringotomy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A normal, mobile tympanic membrane rules out acute otitis media. Ear
pulling without fever or signs of infection often indicates teething or habit, not
infection.
11. A 15-year-old presents with knee pain that worsens with activity and is located
just below the patella. On exam, there is tenderness over the tibial tubercle. What
is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Osgood-Schlatter disease
B. Patellofemoral syndrome
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE
1. A nurse is assessing a child with a tick-borne disease. What finding would
indicate to the nurse that the child has developed ehrlichiosis and not Rocky
Mountain spotted fever (RMSF)?
A. Fever
B. Malaise
C. Headache
D. Absence of rash
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: RMSF classically presents with a rash (often petechial) appearing 2–5
days after fever onset. Ehrlichiosis may have no rash or only a late, mild rash;
therefore, absence of rash is a key distinguishing feature.
2. A newborn’s mother is discovered to be HBsAg positive. Which of the following
would you recommend for this infant?
A. Give the infant hepatitis B immunoglobulin only
B. Give the infant both hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin
C. Give the infant hepatitis B vaccine only
D. Observe without intervention
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To prevent perinatal hepatitis B transmission, the infant should receive
hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine within
12 hours of birth.
,3. Which of the following would be the most appropriate initial management of a
newborn diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)?
A. Observe and reexamine at a 2-week well-child visit
B. Triple diapering in nursery
C. Pavlik harness
D. Surgical reduction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For a newborn with DDH, the Pavlik harness is the standard initial
treatment to maintain hip flexion and abduction, allowing concentric reduction.
Observation or triple diapering is not primary management.
4. Radiographic findings of disease progression and sphericity of the femoral head
is helpful in the diagnosis and follow up of?
A. Transient synovitis of the hip
B. Osgood-Schlatter disease
C. Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
D. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, avascular necrosis of the femoral head
leads to loss of sphericity. Serial radiographs assess femoral head collapse and
re-ossification.
5. Which of the following is a true statement regarding pes planus in an infant?
A. It should be evaluated by a pediatric orthopedist if spontaneous correction
does not occur by age 12 months.
B. The fat pads on an infant’s feet can mimic pes planus.
C. It is always corrected by wearing special orthopedic shoes.
D. It is also called talipes equinovarus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In infants, medial foot fat pads create the appearance of flat feet (pes
planus). This is normal and typically resolves as the child grows.
,6. Which of the following disorders is usually associated with adduction of the
forefoot?
A. Internal femoral torsion
B. Idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus
C. Genu valgum
D. Internal tibial torsion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) involves adduction
of the forefoot, varus of the hindfoot, and equinus. Forefoot adduction is a
hallmark feature.
7. One of the most commonly suggested reasons for primary enuresis is:
A. Certain medications, such as theophylline
B. Genitourinary abnormalities
C. Family disruptions and stress
D. Delayed maturation of voiding inhibitory reflex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Primary enuresis is most often attributed to delayed maturation of the
CNS pathways that inhibit the micturition reflex during sleep. Organic causes are
less common.
8. A 10-year-old came to the office due to a raised, red, excoriated rash on his
right facial cheek and nasal area. The rash has a golden yellow, crusty exudate.
What would you anticipate the diagnosis to be?
A. Atopic dermatitis
B. Herpes simplex
C. Impetigo
D. Contact dermatitis
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: Golden-yellow crusted exudate is pathognomonic for impetigo, usually
caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes.
9. A 6-month-old infant is brought in for a well-child visit. Which reflex would still
be present at this age?
A. Moro reflex
B. Stepping reflex
C. Rooting reflex
D. Parachute reflex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The parachute reflex appears around 6–9 months and persists. Moro,
stepping, and rooting reflexes disappear by 4–6 months.
10. A mother reports that her 2-year-old has been pulling on his left ear for 3 days
but has no fever or other symptoms. Otoscopic exam shows a translucent, mobile
tympanic membrane. What is the most appropriate next step?
A. Amoxicillin 80-90 mg/kg/day for 10 days
B. Observation without antibiotics
C. Tympanostomy tube placement
D. Referral to ENT for myringotomy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A normal, mobile tympanic membrane rules out acute otitis media. Ear
pulling without fever or signs of infection often indicates teething or habit, not
infection.
11. A 15-year-old presents with knee pain that worsens with activity and is located
just below the patella. On exam, there is tenderness over the tibial tubercle. What
is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Osgood-Schlatter disease
B. Patellofemoral syndrome
