NUR 521 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (GRADED A+)
ARBs are approved to treat - Answer- Approved to treat hypertension, heart failure,
diabetic nephropathy, and MI and for prevention of MI, stroke, and death in people at
high risk for CV events.
Primary difference in ARBS from ACE-I - Answer- Primary difference is that these pose
a much lower risk of cough and hyperkalemia
Patients who cannot tolerate ACE=I can take - Answer- ARBS are second choice for
ARB adverse effects - Answer- angioedema, renal failure, lower risk of cough and do
not cause hyperkalemia
ARB BBW - Answer- BBW fetal harm, stop as soon as pregnancy is known
Aliskiren other name - Answer- tekturna
Aliskiren drug class - Answer- direct renin inhibitor
Direct renin inhibitor MOA - Answer- Moa- binds tightly to renin, inhibiting the cleavage
of angiotensinogen 1 to angiotensinogen II, influences the entire RAAS system
Aliskiren patient teaching - Answer- Educate about angioedema, hyperkalemia, high fat
meals decrease absorption, do not take during pregnancy
Aldosterone antagonist - Answer- Added to standard HF therapy in patients with
persistent symptoms despite treatment with ACE-I and B blockers
Eplerenone (Inspra) MOA - Answer- MOA- Selective blockade of aldosterone receptors,
promotes retention of K, secretion of Na and water, reduces blood volume and BP
Hyperkalemia Symptoms - Answer- Symptoms include confusion, dizziness, abnormal
heartbeat, SOB, numbeness, tingling
Inspra - Answer- Can cause significant hyperkalemia
CCBs and B Blockers - Answer- Both reduce force of contraction, slow heart rate, and
suppress conduction through the AV node
,Diltiazem other name - Answer- Cardizem
Diltiazem MOA - Answer- MOA- blocks calcium channels in the heart and blood
vessels, lowers BP through arteriolar dilation (decreases AV nodal conduction)
Diltiazem Uses - Answer- Used for angina, HTN, Dysrhythmias
Diltiazem contraindications - Answer- Contraindications include sick sinus syndrome,
hypotension, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block
Diltiazem Drug class - Answer- Calcium channel blocker
Nifedipine other name - Answer- Procardia
Nifedipine drug class - Answer- Dihydropyridines calcium channel blocker
Nifedipine MOA - Answer- Moa- blocks calcium channels in VSM, very little blockage in
the heart
Nifedipine contraindication - Answer- IR dose is associated with increased mortality in
MI and unstable angina
Nifedipine preferred - Answer- preferred in patients with AV block, HF, bradycardia, sick
sinus syndrome
Nifedipine uses - Answer- HTN, angina, cannot be used to treat dysrhythmias
Nifedipine adverse effects - Answer- peripheral edema (can be reduced with a diuretic),
chronic rash, reflex tachycardia (can be suppressed with a B bliocker)
Hydralazine MOA - Answer- dilates arterioles to decrease peripheral resistance and
blood pressure
Hydralazine uses - Answer- Used to treat HTN, Hypertensive crisis, HF
Hydralazine usually requires - Answer- usually requires the use of B blocker to prevent
reflex tachycardia
Hydralazine education - Answer- Patient Education:
•Fall Risk
•Teach about s/s hypotension (dizziness, fatigue)
•Avoid standing up quickly
Digoxin MOA - Answer- MOA:
•Positive inotropic action
, •Increase myocardial contractile force à increase CO
•Alter electrical activity of the heart (neurohormonal)
•Reduces s/s of CHF, but does not prolong life (second line agent)
Digoxin - Answer- Lanoxin
Digoxin Use - Answer- Use:
•Dysrhythmia (A. Fib or flutter)
•CHF
Digoxin Toxicity symptoms - Answer- altered heart rate or rhythm, visual or
gastrointestinal disturbances
Digoxin levels - Answer- •levels (0.5 to 0.8 ng/mL
Digoxin most serious adverse effect - Answer- dysrhythmia, stop taking, may need
antiarrhythmic or antidote
Antidote for digoxin - Answer- Digibind
Monitor with digoxin - Answer- digoxin levels, potassium levels
Metoprolol adverse effects - Answer- Adverse Effects:
•Bradycardia
•Fatigue, insomnia
•Masks hypoglycemia
•Decreased libido
Metoprolol BBW - Answer- BBW- do not stop abruptly due to angina and possible MI
Propranolol other name - Answer- Inderal
Propranolol MOA - Answer- MOA:
•Blocks both B1 (heart) and B2 (lung) adrenergic receptors
•Decreased automaticity of SA node, decreased conduction through AV node,
decreased myocardial contractility
•
Propranolol contraindications - Answer- Contraindications:
•should be used cautiously in patients with asthma and is contraindicated in patients
with sinus bradycardia, high-degree heart block, and HF.
Propranolol uses - Answer- Use:
•Angina
WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (GRADED A+)
ARBs are approved to treat - Answer- Approved to treat hypertension, heart failure,
diabetic nephropathy, and MI and for prevention of MI, stroke, and death in people at
high risk for CV events.
Primary difference in ARBS from ACE-I - Answer- Primary difference is that these pose
a much lower risk of cough and hyperkalemia
Patients who cannot tolerate ACE=I can take - Answer- ARBS are second choice for
ARB adverse effects - Answer- angioedema, renal failure, lower risk of cough and do
not cause hyperkalemia
ARB BBW - Answer- BBW fetal harm, stop as soon as pregnancy is known
Aliskiren other name - Answer- tekturna
Aliskiren drug class - Answer- direct renin inhibitor
Direct renin inhibitor MOA - Answer- Moa- binds tightly to renin, inhibiting the cleavage
of angiotensinogen 1 to angiotensinogen II, influences the entire RAAS system
Aliskiren patient teaching - Answer- Educate about angioedema, hyperkalemia, high fat
meals decrease absorption, do not take during pregnancy
Aldosterone antagonist - Answer- Added to standard HF therapy in patients with
persistent symptoms despite treatment with ACE-I and B blockers
Eplerenone (Inspra) MOA - Answer- MOA- Selective blockade of aldosterone receptors,
promotes retention of K, secretion of Na and water, reduces blood volume and BP
Hyperkalemia Symptoms - Answer- Symptoms include confusion, dizziness, abnormal
heartbeat, SOB, numbeness, tingling
Inspra - Answer- Can cause significant hyperkalemia
CCBs and B Blockers - Answer- Both reduce force of contraction, slow heart rate, and
suppress conduction through the AV node
,Diltiazem other name - Answer- Cardizem
Diltiazem MOA - Answer- MOA- blocks calcium channels in the heart and blood
vessels, lowers BP through arteriolar dilation (decreases AV nodal conduction)
Diltiazem Uses - Answer- Used for angina, HTN, Dysrhythmias
Diltiazem contraindications - Answer- Contraindications include sick sinus syndrome,
hypotension, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block
Diltiazem Drug class - Answer- Calcium channel blocker
Nifedipine other name - Answer- Procardia
Nifedipine drug class - Answer- Dihydropyridines calcium channel blocker
Nifedipine MOA - Answer- Moa- blocks calcium channels in VSM, very little blockage in
the heart
Nifedipine contraindication - Answer- IR dose is associated with increased mortality in
MI and unstable angina
Nifedipine preferred - Answer- preferred in patients with AV block, HF, bradycardia, sick
sinus syndrome
Nifedipine uses - Answer- HTN, angina, cannot be used to treat dysrhythmias
Nifedipine adverse effects - Answer- peripheral edema (can be reduced with a diuretic),
chronic rash, reflex tachycardia (can be suppressed with a B bliocker)
Hydralazine MOA - Answer- dilates arterioles to decrease peripheral resistance and
blood pressure
Hydralazine uses - Answer- Used to treat HTN, Hypertensive crisis, HF
Hydralazine usually requires - Answer- usually requires the use of B blocker to prevent
reflex tachycardia
Hydralazine education - Answer- Patient Education:
•Fall Risk
•Teach about s/s hypotension (dizziness, fatigue)
•Avoid standing up quickly
Digoxin MOA - Answer- MOA:
•Positive inotropic action
, •Increase myocardial contractile force à increase CO
•Alter electrical activity of the heart (neurohormonal)
•Reduces s/s of CHF, but does not prolong life (second line agent)
Digoxin - Answer- Lanoxin
Digoxin Use - Answer- Use:
•Dysrhythmia (A. Fib or flutter)
•CHF
Digoxin Toxicity symptoms - Answer- altered heart rate or rhythm, visual or
gastrointestinal disturbances
Digoxin levels - Answer- •levels (0.5 to 0.8 ng/mL
Digoxin most serious adverse effect - Answer- dysrhythmia, stop taking, may need
antiarrhythmic or antidote
Antidote for digoxin - Answer- Digibind
Monitor with digoxin - Answer- digoxin levels, potassium levels
Metoprolol adverse effects - Answer- Adverse Effects:
•Bradycardia
•Fatigue, insomnia
•Masks hypoglycemia
•Decreased libido
Metoprolol BBW - Answer- BBW- do not stop abruptly due to angina and possible MI
Propranolol other name - Answer- Inderal
Propranolol MOA - Answer- MOA:
•Blocks both B1 (heart) and B2 (lung) adrenergic receptors
•Decreased automaticity of SA node, decreased conduction through AV node,
decreased myocardial contractility
•
Propranolol contraindications - Answer- Contraindications:
•should be used cautiously in patients with asthma and is contraindicated in patients
with sinus bradycardia, high-degree heart block, and HF.
Propranolol uses - Answer- Use:
•Angina
