NR 601 (NR601) FINAL EXAM STUDY
GUIDE 2026/2027| COMPLETE QUESTIONS
| VERIFIED ANSWERS | GRADED A + | PASS
GUARANTEED | RECENT UPDATE
What is aortic regurgitation? - ANSWER Retrograde blood flow through an
incompetent aortic valve into the left ventricle during ventricular diastole
What is aortic stenosis - ANSWER abnormal narrowing of the aortic valve
What is mitral stenosis - ANSWER Abnormal narrowing of the mitral valve
orifice
What is mitral regurgitation - ANSWER Retrograde blood flow during systole
from the left ventricle into the left atrium through an incompetent mitral valve
What is mitral valve prolapse? - ANSWER Mitral regurgitation associated with
bulging of one or both mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during ventricular
systole
What happens in valvular regurgitation - ANSWER Portion of the ejected blood
leaks back into the upstream cardiac chamber
,What happens in valvular stenosis - ANSWER Usually results in elevated
pressures in the chamber upstream from the stenosis
What is the purpose of functional assessment of the elderly?
ANSWER Discovers the ability to care for themselves on a daily basis
How should HTN be managed - ANSWER Stage 2 and up should be given
consideration for pharm treatment. Others can wait for lifestyle modification.
What is first line meds for non-black HTN population, including those with DM -
ANSWER Thiazide, CCB, ACEi or ARM, either alone or in combo
What is the med guideline for ASCVD for those </= 75 y/o - ANSWER High
intensity statin, atorvastatin-Lipitor 40-80, rosuvastatin/Crestor 20mg
What is the med guideline for ASCVD for those >75 y/o - ANSWER Moderate
statin (atorvastatin 10mg, rosuvastatin 5mg, simvastatin 20-40mg, pravastatin
40mg, lovastatin 40mg, fluvastatin 40mg)
What is the guideline for meds for LDL>=190 - ANSWER High intensity statin
(atorvastatin 40-80mg, rosuvastatin 20mg)
What is the best guideline for ASCVD for 40-75 y/o with DM -
ANSWER Their 10-year risk is >7.5%, so high intensity statin
, What is the med guideline for LDL 79-189 - ANSWER Their 10-year risk
is,7.5% so moderate intensity statin
What is the ASCVD med guideline for 40-75 y/o without ASCVD or DM -
ANSWER Their 10-year risk is >7.5%, so moderate to high intensity statin
When is Zostavax recommended - ANSWER Anyone over 60, given as a single
dose
What is primary prevention - ANSWER Activities to prevent the occurrence of
disease or adverse health conditions, including mental health.
What is secondary prevention - ANSWER Activities aimed at the detection of
disease or adverse health condition in an asymptomatic patient who has risk factors
but no detectable disease
What is tertiary prevention - ANSWER Management of existing conditions to
prevent disability and minimize complications, striving for optimal function and
QOL
The symptoms of depression may encompass what 4 domains -
ANSWER Affect/mood, cognition, physiological, behavioral
What is transient insomnia - ANSWER Lasts a few nights, related to emotional
issues, usually resolved without meds when the elderly adapts to or removes the
change
, What is short-term insomnia - ANSWER Lasts <1 month, related to an acute
medical/psychological condition or to persistent situational stress
What is chronic insomnia - ANSWER Lasts >1 month, results from age-related
changes in sleep or chronic stressors.
What are some symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica - ANSWER New onset
stiffness/aching in neck, shoulders, pelvic girdle, unable to get out of bed in the
morning without extreme difficulty, difficulty lifting arms above head
What are common lab findings in PMR - ANSWER Elevated ESR and CRP,
normochromic normocytic anemia, thrombocytosis
What is the treatment for PMR - ANSWER If s.s are only of PMR and not of
GCA as well, start low-dose prednisone 10-20mg daily and taper dose
What is osteoporosis - ANSWER Skeletal disorder characterized by impaired
bone strength that predisposes to increased risk of fracture
Primary osteoporosis - ANSWER Due to aging, increased bone resorption, and
reduced new bone formation
Secondary osteoporosis - ANSWER Consequence of underlying medical
condition/drug
What is a T-score of -2.5 indicative of - ANSWER Osteoporosis
GUIDE 2026/2027| COMPLETE QUESTIONS
| VERIFIED ANSWERS | GRADED A + | PASS
GUARANTEED | RECENT UPDATE
What is aortic regurgitation? - ANSWER Retrograde blood flow through an
incompetent aortic valve into the left ventricle during ventricular diastole
What is aortic stenosis - ANSWER abnormal narrowing of the aortic valve
What is mitral stenosis - ANSWER Abnormal narrowing of the mitral valve
orifice
What is mitral regurgitation - ANSWER Retrograde blood flow during systole
from the left ventricle into the left atrium through an incompetent mitral valve
What is mitral valve prolapse? - ANSWER Mitral regurgitation associated with
bulging of one or both mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during ventricular
systole
What happens in valvular regurgitation - ANSWER Portion of the ejected blood
leaks back into the upstream cardiac chamber
,What happens in valvular stenosis - ANSWER Usually results in elevated
pressures in the chamber upstream from the stenosis
What is the purpose of functional assessment of the elderly?
ANSWER Discovers the ability to care for themselves on a daily basis
How should HTN be managed - ANSWER Stage 2 and up should be given
consideration for pharm treatment. Others can wait for lifestyle modification.
What is first line meds for non-black HTN population, including those with DM -
ANSWER Thiazide, CCB, ACEi or ARM, either alone or in combo
What is the med guideline for ASCVD for those </= 75 y/o - ANSWER High
intensity statin, atorvastatin-Lipitor 40-80, rosuvastatin/Crestor 20mg
What is the med guideline for ASCVD for those >75 y/o - ANSWER Moderate
statin (atorvastatin 10mg, rosuvastatin 5mg, simvastatin 20-40mg, pravastatin
40mg, lovastatin 40mg, fluvastatin 40mg)
What is the guideline for meds for LDL>=190 - ANSWER High intensity statin
(atorvastatin 40-80mg, rosuvastatin 20mg)
What is the best guideline for ASCVD for 40-75 y/o with DM -
ANSWER Their 10-year risk is >7.5%, so high intensity statin
, What is the med guideline for LDL 79-189 - ANSWER Their 10-year risk
is,7.5% so moderate intensity statin
What is the ASCVD med guideline for 40-75 y/o without ASCVD or DM -
ANSWER Their 10-year risk is >7.5%, so moderate to high intensity statin
When is Zostavax recommended - ANSWER Anyone over 60, given as a single
dose
What is primary prevention - ANSWER Activities to prevent the occurrence of
disease or adverse health conditions, including mental health.
What is secondary prevention - ANSWER Activities aimed at the detection of
disease or adverse health condition in an asymptomatic patient who has risk factors
but no detectable disease
What is tertiary prevention - ANSWER Management of existing conditions to
prevent disability and minimize complications, striving for optimal function and
QOL
The symptoms of depression may encompass what 4 domains -
ANSWER Affect/mood, cognition, physiological, behavioral
What is transient insomnia - ANSWER Lasts a few nights, related to emotional
issues, usually resolved without meds when the elderly adapts to or removes the
change
, What is short-term insomnia - ANSWER Lasts <1 month, related to an acute
medical/psychological condition or to persistent situational stress
What is chronic insomnia - ANSWER Lasts >1 month, results from age-related
changes in sleep or chronic stressors.
What are some symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica - ANSWER New onset
stiffness/aching in neck, shoulders, pelvic girdle, unable to get out of bed in the
morning without extreme difficulty, difficulty lifting arms above head
What are common lab findings in PMR - ANSWER Elevated ESR and CRP,
normochromic normocytic anemia, thrombocytosis
What is the treatment for PMR - ANSWER If s.s are only of PMR and not of
GCA as well, start low-dose prednisone 10-20mg daily and taper dose
What is osteoporosis - ANSWER Skeletal disorder characterized by impaired
bone strength that predisposes to increased risk of fracture
Primary osteoporosis - ANSWER Due to aging, increased bone resorption, and
reduced new bone formation
Secondary osteoporosis - ANSWER Consequence of underlying medical
condition/drug
What is a T-score of -2.5 indicative of - ANSWER Osteoporosis
