Certification Exams
PT principle 1 - ANS ✔✔Contact Space: Any time space is used, make sure it is contact space,
not air space
PT Principle 2 - ANS ✔✔Reciprocity: Regardless of how much you see, always communicate
reciprocally
PT Principle 3 - ANS ✔✔Protractile Perspective: take a pro-tactile perspective this means
working together to co-create signs that are easy to feel and also describing things in a way that
reflect pro-tactile experiences
PT Principle 4 - ANS ✔✔SASS: Size and Shape Specifier, When you describe qualities such as
sizes and shapes. Each description should be arranged in contact space in relation to the larger
thing
PT Principle 5 - ANS ✔✔Exceptions: If the first principle is in conflict with the cultural norms or
is physically unsafe to apply, establish alternative conversions
PT Principle 6 - ANS ✔✔Information Source: When sharing information, be sure to include the
source of the information
PT Principle 7 - ANS ✔✔Tactile Imagery: PTASL should not be taught of as a way to
communicate information to DeafBlind people. It is a means of sharing experiences
Education for All Handicapped Children Act - ANS ✔✔Public Law 94-142
1975
, Mandates that children with disabilities be educated in the "least restrictive environment"
which led to the widespread integration of disabled children in regular classrooms
Vocational Rehabilitation Act - ANS ✔✔PL 89-333
1965
The federal government provides the states with funds to administer programs that help
individuals to enter, remain in, or return to employment
Authorized provision of interpreting services for deaf clients in vocational rehabilitation settings
for the first time
Rehabilitation Act - ANS ✔✔PL 93-112
1973
law that protects the rights of handicapped individuals
Stated that "handicapped individuals" had certain rights, including the right to accessible
communication - This resulted in the provision of interpreters in post-secondary education,
criminal legal proceedings and other settings
The court Interpreters Act - ANS ✔✔PL 95-539.
1978
Certified interpreters in court - Mandates the use of only Certified interpreters when non-
English speaking litigants are involved in Federal Court
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) - ANS ✔✔1990
that prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities. Under this Act, discrimination
against a disabled person is illegal in employment, transportation, public accommodations,
communications and government activities. (Expands the concept of "equal rights" to private
businesses)