Final Exam: NR222/ NR 222 (New 2025/ 2026 Update) Health and
Wellness Review| Questions and Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct
(Verified Solutions) – Chamberlain
Topic 1: Levels of Prevention (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary)
Question 1
A nurse is working at a community health fair. Which of the following activities
represents primary prevention?
A. Performing blood pressure screenings for adults
B. Teaching a smoking cessation class to current smokers
C. Administering childhood immunizations
D. Providing cardiac rehabilitation to a patient who had a myocardial infarction
Answer: C. Administering childhood immunizations
Scenario:
The nurse is setting up a booth at a local community center. Various activities are
planned throughout the day. The nurse must correctly categorize each activity
according to the level of prevention it represents.
• Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs.
This is done by preventing exposures to hazards that cause disease or
injury, altering unhealthy or unsafe behaviors that can lead to disease or
injury, and increasing resistance to disease or injury should exposure occur.
Immunizations fit this definition perfectly—they protect a person from ever
developing the disease.
• Secondary prevention aims to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that
has already occurred. This is done by detecting and treating disease or
injury as soon as possible to halt or slow its progress. Blood pressure
screenings (A) are secondary prevention because they detect existing
hypertension.
, • Smoking cessation (B) can be considered primary prevention (preventing
future disease) or secondary (halting progression of existing damage), but
in the context of current smokers, it is often categorized as secondary or
even tertiary.
• Tertiary prevention aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury
that has lasting effects. Cardiac rehabilitation (D) is a classic example—it
helps people manage complex, long-term health problems after a major
cardiac event.
Question 2
A nurse is providing care to a patient who had a stroke and now has right-sided
weakness. The nurse arranges for physical therapy and occupational therapy.
Which level of prevention is the nurse implementing?
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Health promotion
Answer: C. Tertiary prevention
Scenario:
A patient has been transferred to a rehabilitation unit following an ischemic
stroke. The patient has residual right-sided weakness and difficulty with fine
motor skills. The nurse is developing a comprehensive care plan that includes
referrals to physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy.
Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation and helping patients manage long-
term health problems to improve their quality of life as much as possible. Physical
and occupational therapy after a stroke are perfect examples of tertiary
prevention—the damage has already occurred, and the goal is to maximize
function and prevent further complications or deterioration.
Primary prevention would have involved managing risk factors (hypertension,
diabetes, smoking) before the stroke occurred. Secondary prevention would
involve early detection and treatment during the acute stroke event (e.g., rapid
,assessment and administration of tPA). Tertiary prevention is what
happens after the major event to restore function.
Question 3
A nurse is teaching a group of older adults about fall prevention. Which statement
by a participant indicates an understanding of secondary prevention?
A. "I will have my vision checked every year."
B. "I will install grab bars in my shower."
C. "After my hip surgery, I will go to rehabilitation to regain my strength."
D. "I will participate in a tai chi class to improve my balance."
Answer: A. "I will have my vision checked every year."
Scenario:
The nurse is leading a fall prevention workshop at a senior center. The room is
filled with active older adults who want to maintain their independence. The
nurse explains the three levels of prevention and asks participants to identify
which of their planned actions falls into each category.
Secondary prevention involves screening and early detection. Having vision
checked annually is a screening activity designed to detect problems (like
cataracts or glaucoma) early, before they contribute to a fall. It does
not prevent the vision problem from occurring (that would be primary), but it
catches it early to reduce its impact.
• Installing grab bars (B) and participating in tai chi (D) are primary
prevention activities—they prevent falls from occurring in the first place.
• Going to rehabilitation after hip surgery (C) is tertiary prevention—it
restores function after an injury has already occurred.
Topic 2: Health Models
Question 4
A patient tells the nurse, "I know I have high blood pressure, but I feel fine. I don't
, think I need to take medication every day." Using the Health Belief Model, the
nurse identifies that the patient is demonstrating:
A. Low perceived susceptibility
B. High perceived benefits
C. Low perceived severity
D. High self-efficacy
Answer: C. Low perceived severity
Scenario:
The nurse is conducting a follow-up visit with a 52-year-old patient who was
diagnosed with hypertension six months ago. The patient's blood pressure today
is 158/94 mmHg. When asked about medication adherence, the patient shrugs
and says, "I take it when I remember, but honestly, I feel fine. What's the big
deal?"
The Health Belief Model (HBM) explains health behaviors based on an individual's
perceptions. It has several key components:
• Perceived susceptibility: Belief about the chances of getting a condition.
The patient does not believe they are susceptible to the consequences of
hypertension—they already have it, so this is less relevant.
• Perceived severity: Belief about how serious a condition and its
consequences are. The patient's statement "I feel fine. What's the big
deal?" directly reflects a low perceived severity. They do not view
hypertension as a serious threat because they cannot feel it.
• Perceived benefits: Belief that taking action would reduce susceptibility or
severity. The patient is not expressing this.
• Self-efficacy: Confidence in one's ability to take action. This is not the
primary issue here.
The nurse's intervention should focus on educating the patient about the "silent"
nature of hypertension and the serious long-term consequences of uncontrolled
blood pressure (stroke, kidney failure, heart attack) to increase perceived
severity.
Wellness Review| Questions and Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct
(Verified Solutions) – Chamberlain
Topic 1: Levels of Prevention (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary)
Question 1
A nurse is working at a community health fair. Which of the following activities
represents primary prevention?
A. Performing blood pressure screenings for adults
B. Teaching a smoking cessation class to current smokers
C. Administering childhood immunizations
D. Providing cardiac rehabilitation to a patient who had a myocardial infarction
Answer: C. Administering childhood immunizations
Scenario:
The nurse is setting up a booth at a local community center. Various activities are
planned throughout the day. The nurse must correctly categorize each activity
according to the level of prevention it represents.
• Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs.
This is done by preventing exposures to hazards that cause disease or
injury, altering unhealthy or unsafe behaviors that can lead to disease or
injury, and increasing resistance to disease or injury should exposure occur.
Immunizations fit this definition perfectly—they protect a person from ever
developing the disease.
• Secondary prevention aims to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that
has already occurred. This is done by detecting and treating disease or
injury as soon as possible to halt or slow its progress. Blood pressure
screenings (A) are secondary prevention because they detect existing
hypertension.
, • Smoking cessation (B) can be considered primary prevention (preventing
future disease) or secondary (halting progression of existing damage), but
in the context of current smokers, it is often categorized as secondary or
even tertiary.
• Tertiary prevention aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury
that has lasting effects. Cardiac rehabilitation (D) is a classic example—it
helps people manage complex, long-term health problems after a major
cardiac event.
Question 2
A nurse is providing care to a patient who had a stroke and now has right-sided
weakness. The nurse arranges for physical therapy and occupational therapy.
Which level of prevention is the nurse implementing?
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Health promotion
Answer: C. Tertiary prevention
Scenario:
A patient has been transferred to a rehabilitation unit following an ischemic
stroke. The patient has residual right-sided weakness and difficulty with fine
motor skills. The nurse is developing a comprehensive care plan that includes
referrals to physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy.
Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation and helping patients manage long-
term health problems to improve their quality of life as much as possible. Physical
and occupational therapy after a stroke are perfect examples of tertiary
prevention—the damage has already occurred, and the goal is to maximize
function and prevent further complications or deterioration.
Primary prevention would have involved managing risk factors (hypertension,
diabetes, smoking) before the stroke occurred. Secondary prevention would
involve early detection and treatment during the acute stroke event (e.g., rapid
,assessment and administration of tPA). Tertiary prevention is what
happens after the major event to restore function.
Question 3
A nurse is teaching a group of older adults about fall prevention. Which statement
by a participant indicates an understanding of secondary prevention?
A. "I will have my vision checked every year."
B. "I will install grab bars in my shower."
C. "After my hip surgery, I will go to rehabilitation to regain my strength."
D. "I will participate in a tai chi class to improve my balance."
Answer: A. "I will have my vision checked every year."
Scenario:
The nurse is leading a fall prevention workshop at a senior center. The room is
filled with active older adults who want to maintain their independence. The
nurse explains the three levels of prevention and asks participants to identify
which of their planned actions falls into each category.
Secondary prevention involves screening and early detection. Having vision
checked annually is a screening activity designed to detect problems (like
cataracts or glaucoma) early, before they contribute to a fall. It does
not prevent the vision problem from occurring (that would be primary), but it
catches it early to reduce its impact.
• Installing grab bars (B) and participating in tai chi (D) are primary
prevention activities—they prevent falls from occurring in the first place.
• Going to rehabilitation after hip surgery (C) is tertiary prevention—it
restores function after an injury has already occurred.
Topic 2: Health Models
Question 4
A patient tells the nurse, "I know I have high blood pressure, but I feel fine. I don't
, think I need to take medication every day." Using the Health Belief Model, the
nurse identifies that the patient is demonstrating:
A. Low perceived susceptibility
B. High perceived benefits
C. Low perceived severity
D. High self-efficacy
Answer: C. Low perceived severity
Scenario:
The nurse is conducting a follow-up visit with a 52-year-old patient who was
diagnosed with hypertension six months ago. The patient's blood pressure today
is 158/94 mmHg. When asked about medication adherence, the patient shrugs
and says, "I take it when I remember, but honestly, I feel fine. What's the big
deal?"
The Health Belief Model (HBM) explains health behaviors based on an individual's
perceptions. It has several key components:
• Perceived susceptibility: Belief about the chances of getting a condition.
The patient does not believe they are susceptible to the consequences of
hypertension—they already have it, so this is less relevant.
• Perceived severity: Belief about how serious a condition and its
consequences are. The patient's statement "I feel fine. What's the big
deal?" directly reflects a low perceived severity. They do not view
hypertension as a serious threat because they cannot feel it.
• Perceived benefits: Belief that taking action would reduce susceptibility or
severity. The patient is not expressing this.
• Self-efficacy: Confidence in one's ability to take action. This is not the
primary issue here.
The nurse's intervention should focus on educating the patient about the "silent"
nature of hypertension and the serious long-term consequences of uncontrolled
blood pressure (stroke, kidney failure, heart attack) to increase perceived
severity.
