Biology 122 Exam 1 WKU UPDATED ACTUAL Questions And Correct Answers
Terms in this set (121)
Living organisms Nothing is considered significant without?
4.6 Earth is approximately ___ billion years old
Hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen What are the chemical required for life?
Chemical evolution Explains how complex carbon-containing compounds (and eventually life) likely
formed from simpler molecules
Radiometric dating Can be used to estimate the age of the Earth when life first appeared
Protons; neutrons Each element has a characteristic number of _______. The number of ______ can vary
Radioactive isotopes Have unstable nuclei that emit particles of radiation (energy) to form new
daughter isotopes (radioactive decay)
Chemical evolution theory Simple molecules present on ancient Earth reacted with one another to create
larger, more complex molecules
Formation of formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide What is the first step in chemical evolution?
More; faster High temperatures and high concentrations cause ____ reactants collisions and ______
reaction rates
Because energy from sunlight has been converted to Why was the formation of formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide a critical step in
chemical energy chemical evolution?
Stanley Miller experiment Proved that organic compounds could come from inorganic compounds in earth's
early environment
Solvent Water is a great_____ (substances dissolve easily in it)
Structure of water Unusual, small size, bent shape, highly polar covalent bonds
Physical properties of water Expands as it changes from liquid to solid ; Has an extraordinary large capacity
for absorbing heat
Liquid. In liquid water there are fewer hydrogen bonds Water is denser as a ___ _. Why?
and water molecules can pack more tightly, making water
more dense than ice
20 All organisms have proteins built from a collection of only __ different amino acids
, Ocean Chemical evolution proceeded in the ___ _.
Steps of chemical evolution 1) Production of small molecules containing reduced carbon
2) Creation of a prebiotic soup of amino acids, sugars, and nitrogenous bases
3) Linkage of these organic subunits to make the large organic molecules
important in cells today
4) Evolution of a self-replicating molecule
Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek Who was the first to observed cells in the late 1660s?
Cell theory states that All organisms are made of cells and all cells come from preexisting cells
Louis Pasteur Who proved that cells arise from cells as not by spontaneous generation (cells
arise spontaneously from nonliving materials)?
The endosymbiosis theory Proposes that mitochondria originated when a bacterial cell took up residence
inside another cell about 2 billion years ago. It also contends that chloroplasts
originated in an analogous way
Symbiosis; endosymbiosis _____________________________________ occurs when individuals of two different species live in physical contact;
_ ______ occurs when an organism of one species lives inside an organism of
another species
Prokaryotic Lack nuclear wall
Eukaryotic True nucleus
Autotrophic Make your own food
Heterotrohic Get food elsewhere
Saprophytic Eat decaying stuff
Tree of life All species are descended from a single common ancestor at the root of a family
tree of all organisms
Parsimony hypothesis The simplest answer makes the most sense when dealing with complex issues
Genus and species In Linnaeus' taxonomic system for classifying organisms, each organism is given a
unique two-part scientific name consisting of the _____ and the _______
Binomial nomenclature Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species The taxonomic levels from least to most specific are
Circumscription The process of narrowing species into smaller groups
Domain Recently, ____ was added to the list (in front of kingdom) consisting of bacteria,
archaea, and eukarya
Terms in this set (121)
Living organisms Nothing is considered significant without?
4.6 Earth is approximately ___ billion years old
Hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen What are the chemical required for life?
Chemical evolution Explains how complex carbon-containing compounds (and eventually life) likely
formed from simpler molecules
Radiometric dating Can be used to estimate the age of the Earth when life first appeared
Protons; neutrons Each element has a characteristic number of _______. The number of ______ can vary
Radioactive isotopes Have unstable nuclei that emit particles of radiation (energy) to form new
daughter isotopes (radioactive decay)
Chemical evolution theory Simple molecules present on ancient Earth reacted with one another to create
larger, more complex molecules
Formation of formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide What is the first step in chemical evolution?
More; faster High temperatures and high concentrations cause ____ reactants collisions and ______
reaction rates
Because energy from sunlight has been converted to Why was the formation of formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide a critical step in
chemical energy chemical evolution?
Stanley Miller experiment Proved that organic compounds could come from inorganic compounds in earth's
early environment
Solvent Water is a great_____ (substances dissolve easily in it)
Structure of water Unusual, small size, bent shape, highly polar covalent bonds
Physical properties of water Expands as it changes from liquid to solid ; Has an extraordinary large capacity
for absorbing heat
Liquid. In liquid water there are fewer hydrogen bonds Water is denser as a ___ _. Why?
and water molecules can pack more tightly, making water
more dense than ice
20 All organisms have proteins built from a collection of only __ different amino acids
, Ocean Chemical evolution proceeded in the ___ _.
Steps of chemical evolution 1) Production of small molecules containing reduced carbon
2) Creation of a prebiotic soup of amino acids, sugars, and nitrogenous bases
3) Linkage of these organic subunits to make the large organic molecules
important in cells today
4) Evolution of a self-replicating molecule
Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek Who was the first to observed cells in the late 1660s?
Cell theory states that All organisms are made of cells and all cells come from preexisting cells
Louis Pasteur Who proved that cells arise from cells as not by spontaneous generation (cells
arise spontaneously from nonliving materials)?
The endosymbiosis theory Proposes that mitochondria originated when a bacterial cell took up residence
inside another cell about 2 billion years ago. It also contends that chloroplasts
originated in an analogous way
Symbiosis; endosymbiosis _____________________________________ occurs when individuals of two different species live in physical contact;
_ ______ occurs when an organism of one species lives inside an organism of
another species
Prokaryotic Lack nuclear wall
Eukaryotic True nucleus
Autotrophic Make your own food
Heterotrohic Get food elsewhere
Saprophytic Eat decaying stuff
Tree of life All species are descended from a single common ancestor at the root of a family
tree of all organisms
Parsimony hypothesis The simplest answer makes the most sense when dealing with complex issues
Genus and species In Linnaeus' taxonomic system for classifying organisms, each organism is given a
unique two-part scientific name consisting of the _____ and the _______
Binomial nomenclature Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species The taxonomic levels from least to most specific are
Circumscription The process of narrowing species into smaller groups
Domain Recently, ____ was added to the list (in front of kingdom) consisting of bacteria,
archaea, and eukarya
