NUR 521 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
What is the PT for anticholinergics? - Answer- COPD/CAL
What is the PD for anticholinergics? - Answer- Blocks receptors that normally house
acetylcholine
What is the PK for anticholinergics? - Answer- 30 min after dose, peak 3 hrs, persists 24
hours
What are some adverse effects of anticholinergics? - Answer- Minimal systemic effects,
dry mouth, CV events can occur
What are contraindications of anticholinergics? - Answer- Peanut allergy after
combivent
What is the prototype drug of anticholinergics? - Answer- Ipratropium (combivent) -
acute effects
What is another type of anticholinergic? - Answer- Triotropium - not acute
What is the PT of methyxanthines? - Answer- Asthma, COPD, CAL
What is the PD of methylxanthines? - Answer- Relaxes smooth muscles of bronchi and
CNS excitation
What is the PK of methylxanthines? - Answer- VERY narrow theraputic range 10-
20mcg/mL; above 30mcg/mL very severe reactions; give slowly and monitor CBC
What are some adverse effects of methylxanthines? - Answer- CNS reactions and CV
What are contraindications of methylxanthines? - Answer- caffeine, CNS stimulators
What are nursing roles for methylxanthines? - Answer- Advise on caffeine intake, give
slowly and monitor CBC
What is the prototype drug of methylxanthines? - Answer- Theophylline - similar to
caffeine
, What is the PT for corticosteroids? - Answer- Inhaler: prophylactic of chronic asthma
What is the PD for corticosteroids? - Answer- Suppress entire immune system
What is the PK for corticosteroids? - Answer- Local: inhale, topical, nasal/eye drops
Systemic: IV, oral, IM
What are some adverse effects of corticosteroids? - Answer- Adrenal suppression,
hyperglycemia, PUD, osteoporosis, infection, electrolyte imbalance, weight gain,
edema, increased appetite
What are the nursing roles with corticosteroids? - Answer- Rinse mouth after taking
inhaler, calcium and Vit D, dietary considerations related to weight loss and gain,
benefits develop slowly, taper to W/D!!!!!
What are contraindications of corticosteroids? - Answer- NSAIDS, vaccines with live
virus
What are some examples of corticosteroids? - Answer- Prednisone
What is the PT for leukotrienes? - Answer- 2nd line therapy for asthma, when steroids
are inadequate
What is the PD for leukotrienes? - Answer- Suppress the effects of leukotrienes;
antagonists that block PNS
What is the PK for leukotrienes? - Answer- Need empty stomach; normally take along
with inhaler
What are some adverse effects of leukotrienes? - Answer- Increase liver enzyme (ALT),
depression, suicide, Churg-Strauss
What are some interactions with leukotrienes? - Answer- Theophylline and warfarin -
raises levels to toxicity
What are the main leukotriene drugs? - Answer- Montelukast, zafirlukast
What is the PT for MC Stabilizers? - Answer- Nasal allergies
What is the PD for MC stabilizers? - Answer- Anti-inflammatory, shields MCs and
prevents them from releasing histamine
What is the PK for MC stabilizers? - Answer- Safest of all but relatively ineffective
What are some adverse effects of MC stabilizers? - Answer- Occasional cough or
idiosyncratic bronchospasm
WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
What is the PT for anticholinergics? - Answer- COPD/CAL
What is the PD for anticholinergics? - Answer- Blocks receptors that normally house
acetylcholine
What is the PK for anticholinergics? - Answer- 30 min after dose, peak 3 hrs, persists 24
hours
What are some adverse effects of anticholinergics? - Answer- Minimal systemic effects,
dry mouth, CV events can occur
What are contraindications of anticholinergics? - Answer- Peanut allergy after
combivent
What is the prototype drug of anticholinergics? - Answer- Ipratropium (combivent) -
acute effects
What is another type of anticholinergic? - Answer- Triotropium - not acute
What is the PT of methyxanthines? - Answer- Asthma, COPD, CAL
What is the PD of methylxanthines? - Answer- Relaxes smooth muscles of bronchi and
CNS excitation
What is the PK of methylxanthines? - Answer- VERY narrow theraputic range 10-
20mcg/mL; above 30mcg/mL very severe reactions; give slowly and monitor CBC
What are some adverse effects of methylxanthines? - Answer- CNS reactions and CV
What are contraindications of methylxanthines? - Answer- caffeine, CNS stimulators
What are nursing roles for methylxanthines? - Answer- Advise on caffeine intake, give
slowly and monitor CBC
What is the prototype drug of methylxanthines? - Answer- Theophylline - similar to
caffeine
, What is the PT for corticosteroids? - Answer- Inhaler: prophylactic of chronic asthma
What is the PD for corticosteroids? - Answer- Suppress entire immune system
What is the PK for corticosteroids? - Answer- Local: inhale, topical, nasal/eye drops
Systemic: IV, oral, IM
What are some adverse effects of corticosteroids? - Answer- Adrenal suppression,
hyperglycemia, PUD, osteoporosis, infection, electrolyte imbalance, weight gain,
edema, increased appetite
What are the nursing roles with corticosteroids? - Answer- Rinse mouth after taking
inhaler, calcium and Vit D, dietary considerations related to weight loss and gain,
benefits develop slowly, taper to W/D!!!!!
What are contraindications of corticosteroids? - Answer- NSAIDS, vaccines with live
virus
What are some examples of corticosteroids? - Answer- Prednisone
What is the PT for leukotrienes? - Answer- 2nd line therapy for asthma, when steroids
are inadequate
What is the PD for leukotrienes? - Answer- Suppress the effects of leukotrienes;
antagonists that block PNS
What is the PK for leukotrienes? - Answer- Need empty stomach; normally take along
with inhaler
What are some adverse effects of leukotrienes? - Answer- Increase liver enzyme (ALT),
depression, suicide, Churg-Strauss
What are some interactions with leukotrienes? - Answer- Theophylline and warfarin -
raises levels to toxicity
What are the main leukotriene drugs? - Answer- Montelukast, zafirlukast
What is the PT for MC Stabilizers? - Answer- Nasal allergies
What is the PD for MC stabilizers? - Answer- Anti-inflammatory, shields MCs and
prevents them from releasing histamine
What is the PK for MC stabilizers? - Answer- Safest of all but relatively ineffective
What are some adverse effects of MC stabilizers? - Answer- Occasional cough or
idiosyncratic bronchospasm
