PSYC 365 EXAM 2-3VERIFIED STUDY GUIDE
Factor models - Answers - involve 2+ factors that are postulated to be at more or less
the same structural level
two factor model - Answers - Charles Spearman.
- All intellectual activities share a common core (general factor/g) and the more highly
correlated two mental abilities are, the more they share a substantial loading on the g
factor
- There are also a number of specific factors (s) that are responsible for unique aspects
in the performance of a given task
- The more a test is influenced by s, the less it represents the influence of g
- og factor theory
thurstone's variation of 2 factor model - Answers - relatively distinct primary mental
abilities (e.g., verbal, reasoning, memory) that overlap to a very small extent and that
small overlap is g
hierarchical model - Answers - based on the assumption that there are different levels of
factors with the higher order or primary factors composed of lower order or secondary
factors
- There's a small number of main factors that are comprised of subfactors
Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) Theory - Answers - there are two general factors in
intelligence: fluid intelligence (g(F), the ability to solve novel problems, innate intellectual
potential) and crystallised intelligence (g(C), what we have learned in life both from
education and general life experiences)
info processing theories - Answers - focus less on organisation of types of intelligences
and more on the identification of the processes and operations that reflect how info is
handled by the brain
Triarchich theory of intelligence - Answers - Sternberg. Intelligence involves three
interrelated elements:
1. Componential -> the mental processes of planning, monitoring, evaluating, problem
solving and knowledge acquisition
2. Experiential -> the influence of task novelty on the process of problem solving
3. Contextual -> adapting to, altering and selecting the environment
theory of multiple intelligences - Answers - Gardner. There are multiple forms of
intelligence (linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic,
intrapersonal, naturalist, spiritual, existential and moral
- Inadequately tested by traditional intelligence tests
, premorbid IQ - Answers - intellectual functioning prior to an accident or the onset of
neurological decline
- Look at how current intelligence has changed from this by consulting achievement
records, testing with measures of ability that are relatively insensitive to decline and
paying attention to the intelligence scale subtests that are least affected by neurological
impairment
giftedness - Answers - IQ score in top 2% of population (IQ >130)
full scale IQ - Answers - total score for an intelligence scale obtained by summing
scores on verbal and nonverbal scales. Usually referred to as IQ
- measure of g and the separate abilities represented by the four index scores
- Interpret from a broad perspective (first look at FSIQ) to a more specific one (then
consider specific domains to see if they may be skewing FSIQ or other domains)
representativeness - Answers - the extent to which a sample reflects characteristics of
the population from which its drawn
flynn effect - Answers - the observed trend that IQ scores in developed countries have
increased over the past few decades
semantic memory - Answers - memory of general knowledge of words, concepts and
events
episodic memory - Answers - memory of a person's direct experiences
Intellectual Assessment - Answers - looking specifically at intelligence (often IQ score)
cognitive assessment - Answers - can get IQ scores but more looking at different
domains of cognition (e.g., memory, processing speed, etc), usually a larger
assessment
fluid intelligence - Answers - solving novel problems without drawing from prior
experience/learning, innate
crystallized intelligence - Answers - what we learn throughout life from formal edu and
life experiences
cognitive theory - Answers - we take things in through sensory input, we process it in
some way and we output it in behaviour/feeling
Barnum effect - Answers - vague descriptions that apply to everyone but indv find a way
to relate it to themselves
verbal comprehension - Answers - Weschler index
- ability to comprehend and use verbal material
Factor models - Answers - involve 2+ factors that are postulated to be at more or less
the same structural level
two factor model - Answers - Charles Spearman.
- All intellectual activities share a common core (general factor/g) and the more highly
correlated two mental abilities are, the more they share a substantial loading on the g
factor
- There are also a number of specific factors (s) that are responsible for unique aspects
in the performance of a given task
- The more a test is influenced by s, the less it represents the influence of g
- og factor theory
thurstone's variation of 2 factor model - Answers - relatively distinct primary mental
abilities (e.g., verbal, reasoning, memory) that overlap to a very small extent and that
small overlap is g
hierarchical model - Answers - based on the assumption that there are different levels of
factors with the higher order or primary factors composed of lower order or secondary
factors
- There's a small number of main factors that are comprised of subfactors
Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) Theory - Answers - there are two general factors in
intelligence: fluid intelligence (g(F), the ability to solve novel problems, innate intellectual
potential) and crystallised intelligence (g(C), what we have learned in life both from
education and general life experiences)
info processing theories - Answers - focus less on organisation of types of intelligences
and more on the identification of the processes and operations that reflect how info is
handled by the brain
Triarchich theory of intelligence - Answers - Sternberg. Intelligence involves three
interrelated elements:
1. Componential -> the mental processes of planning, monitoring, evaluating, problem
solving and knowledge acquisition
2. Experiential -> the influence of task novelty on the process of problem solving
3. Contextual -> adapting to, altering and selecting the environment
theory of multiple intelligences - Answers - Gardner. There are multiple forms of
intelligence (linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic,
intrapersonal, naturalist, spiritual, existential and moral
- Inadequately tested by traditional intelligence tests
, premorbid IQ - Answers - intellectual functioning prior to an accident or the onset of
neurological decline
- Look at how current intelligence has changed from this by consulting achievement
records, testing with measures of ability that are relatively insensitive to decline and
paying attention to the intelligence scale subtests that are least affected by neurological
impairment
giftedness - Answers - IQ score in top 2% of population (IQ >130)
full scale IQ - Answers - total score for an intelligence scale obtained by summing
scores on verbal and nonverbal scales. Usually referred to as IQ
- measure of g and the separate abilities represented by the four index scores
- Interpret from a broad perspective (first look at FSIQ) to a more specific one (then
consider specific domains to see if they may be skewing FSIQ or other domains)
representativeness - Answers - the extent to which a sample reflects characteristics of
the population from which its drawn
flynn effect - Answers - the observed trend that IQ scores in developed countries have
increased over the past few decades
semantic memory - Answers - memory of general knowledge of words, concepts and
events
episodic memory - Answers - memory of a person's direct experiences
Intellectual Assessment - Answers - looking specifically at intelligence (often IQ score)
cognitive assessment - Answers - can get IQ scores but more looking at different
domains of cognition (e.g., memory, processing speed, etc), usually a larger
assessment
fluid intelligence - Answers - solving novel problems without drawing from prior
experience/learning, innate
crystallized intelligence - Answers - what we learn throughout life from formal edu and
life experiences
cognitive theory - Answers - we take things in through sensory input, we process it in
some way and we output it in behaviour/feeling
Barnum effect - Answers - vague descriptions that apply to everyone but indv find a way
to relate it to themselves
verbal comprehension - Answers - Weschler index
- ability to comprehend and use verbal material
